Question

Срочно!!!!! По каким причинам Эфиопия и Южный Судан лишились выхода к морю? Каким образом наше государство решает проблему выхода к морским путям?

Answer 1

Ответ:Эфиопия лишилась выхода к морю после отделения Эритреи. В 2011 году в результате разделения Судана на Судан и Южный Судан последний потерял выход к морю.

Государства имеющие выход к Каспийскому морю, могут получить доступ водным путем к Чёрному, Балтийскому и Белому морям через Единую глубоководную транспортную систему России.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Reasons for Ethiopia and South Sudan Losing Access to the Sea

Ethiopia and South Sudan are both landlocked countries, meaning they do not have direct access to the sea. There are several reasons why these countries do not have a coastline:

1. Geographical Factors: Both Ethiopia and South Sudan are located in the interior of the African continent, surrounded by other countries. Their geographical location makes it challenging to have direct access to the sea.

2. Colonial History: The colonial era played a significant role in shaping the borders and access to the sea for many African countries. During the Scramble for Africa in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, European powers divided the continent among themselves, often disregarding existing ethnic and geographic boundaries. As a result, some countries ended up landlocked.

3. Historical Conflicts: Historical conflicts and territorial disputes have also contributed to the loss of access to the sea for Ethiopia and South Sudan. For example, Ethiopia lost its access to the Red Sea in the late 19th century due to conflicts with neighboring countries.

4. Political and Economic Factors: Political instability, civil wars, and economic challenges have further complicated the issue of access to the sea for these countries. These factors can hinder the development of infrastructure and transportation networks necessary for trade and access to maritime routes.

How Ethiopia and South Sudan Address the Issue of Sea Access

Despite being landlocked, Ethiopia and South Sudan have implemented various strategies to mitigate the challenges posed by their lack of direct access to the sea. These strategies include:

1. Transportation Infrastructure: Both countries have invested in developing transportation infrastructure, such as roads, railways, and airports, to facilitate trade and connectivity with neighboring countries and international markets. This infrastructure helps to overcome some of the logistical challenges associated with being landlocked.

2. Regional Cooperation: Ethiopia and South Sudan actively participate in regional organizations and initiatives that promote trade and economic integration. For example, Ethiopia is a member of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), which aim to enhance regional cooperation and economic integration.

3. Port Agreements: Both countries have entered into agreements with neighboring countries to access seaports. For instance, Ethiopia has established port agreements with Djibouti, Sudan, and Kenya, allowing it to use their ports for international trade. South Sudan has also signed agreements with neighboring countries, such as Sudan and Kenya, to access their ports.

4. Diversification of Trade Routes: Ethiopia and South Sudan have diversified their trade routes to reduce dependence on a single transportation corridor. This includes exploring alternative routes through neighboring countries and utilizing multiple modes of transportation, such as road, rail, and air.

It is important to note that addressing the issue of sea access is an ongoing process, and these countries continue to explore new opportunities and partnerships to enhance their connectivity and trade capabilities.