Question

Найти законы Хаммурапи о бедняках и богачах и ответить на вопрос - Как и почему законы защищали бедняков от рабства.

Answer 1

Законы о богачах и бедниках.
Некоторые вавилоняне были очень богаты.Они владели обширными полями и садами с финиковыми пальмами.По их приказу отправляли товары в другие города с караванами или на кораблях.Но было множество бедняков.
Иногда бедняку не хватало урожая,чтобы прокормить семью, отдать налоги царю,засеять поле семенами.Он просил богача дать ему зерно в долг.Но долги росли.И если бедняк брал в долг пять мешков зерна,то через год обязан был вернуть уже шесть мешков.Некоторые люди наживались на том, что давали имущество "в рост".Их называли ростовщиками.
Порой подходил срок возврата долгов, а платить то бедняку нечем.Тогда богач требовал:"Отдай сына,дочь или жену.Онм будут работать у меня в доме как рабы".Богачи хотели бы навсегда порабодить своих должников, но Хаммурапи повелевает:"Работать на хозяина он должен лишь три года, а потом его следует отпустить на свободу".Если должник отдал ростовщику своего сына, продать его ростовщик не мог.И убить его он не имел права иначе у него самого в наказание убивали сына.
Так царь Хаммурапи защищал своих подданных от обращения в рабство.

Answer 2

Laws of Hammurabi on the Protection of the Poor and the Rich

The laws of Hammurabi, the sixth king of the First Babylonian Dynasty, are one of the earliest known sets of laws. They were inscribed on a stele and are famous for their principle of "an eye for an eye." The laws cover various aspects of life, including regulations related to social classes, property, and justice.

Protection of the Poor and the Rich in the Laws of Hammurabi:

The laws of Hammurabi contain provisions that address the protection of both the poor and the rich. These laws aimed to establish a sense of justice and fairness in society, ensuring that individuals from all social strata were treated equitably.

Protection of the Poor: - The laws of Hammurabi included provisions aimed at protecting the rights and well-being of the poor and vulnerable members of society. These laws sought to address issues related to debt, labor, and social welfare. - One of the key aspects of the laws was the protection of the poor from unjust treatment and exploitation. This was reflected in regulations concerning debt repayment, labor conditions, and the provision of assistance to those in need.

Protection of the Rich: - While the laws of Hammurabi emphasized the protection of the poor, they also included provisions to safeguard the rights and property of the rich and powerful members of society. These laws aimed to maintain social order and stability by ensuring that the interests of the wealthy were also upheld.

Reasons for Protecting the Poor from Slavery

Reasons for Protecting the Poor from Slavery in the Laws of Hammurabi:

The laws of Hammurabi included measures to protect the poor from falling into slavery due to debt or other circumstances. This reflects a recognition of the vulnerability of the poor and the need to prevent their exploitation and marginalization.

Key Reasons for Protecting the Poor from Slavery: 1. Social Justice and Equity: The laws of Hammurabi sought to establish a sense of social justice and equity by preventing the poor from being enslaved due to debt or poverty. This was in line with the broader principles of fairness and compassion within Babylonian society. 2. Stability and Order: Protecting the poor from slavery contributed to the stability and order of society. By preventing the widespread enslavement of the poor, the laws aimed to maintain a balanced social structure and reduce the potential for social unrest and upheaval. 3. Humanitarian Considerations: The protection of the poor from slavery can be seen as a reflection of humanitarian considerations within the legal framework of the time. It demonstrated a recognition of the inherent dignity and worth of all individuals, regardless of their social or economic status.

In summary, the laws of Hammurabi included provisions to protect both the poor and the rich, with specific measures aimed at preventing the enslavement of the poor. These measures were driven by considerations of social justice, stability, and humanitarian principles within Babylonian society.