Question

Какие проблемы перестройка не решила и почему???

Answer 1

Задумано было верно, ибо угроза шла через видики, кассеты и т. д и т. п. , шла информационная угроза на страну что была в изоляции почти пол века.... и реформы были необходимы.... за крушение вините тех чья родина теперь Израиль.... даже родившийся в России еврей будет считать своей родиной Израиль, а значить и служить ей верой и правдой....

Answer 2

Problems Unsolved by Perestroika

Perestroika, which means "restructuring" in Russian, was a series of political and economic reforms implemented in the Soviet Union during the 1980s. While it aimed to address various problems within the Soviet system, there were several issues that perestroika failed to fully resolve. These problems include:

1. Economic Inefficiency: The Soviet economy suffered from inefficiencies, including a lack of competition, centralized planning, and a bloated bureaucracy. Perestroika attempted to introduce elements of market-oriented reforms, such as allowing limited private ownership and decentralizing decision-making. However, these reforms were not sufficient to overcome the deeply ingrained structural problems of the Soviet economy.

2. Corruption and Black Market: Perestroika did not effectively address the issue of corruption and the emergence of a black market in the Soviet Union. The relaxation of state control over the economy created opportunities for corruption and illicit activities. The lack of effective legal and regulatory frameworks allowed these problems to persist.

3. Nationalism and Ethnic Tensions: Perestroika inadvertently fueled nationalist sentiments and ethnic tensions within the Soviet Union. The reforms led to greater openness and freedom of expression, which allowed suppressed national identities to resurface. This, in turn, contributed to the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the rise of independence movements in various republics.

4. Political Stagnation: Despite the introduction of limited political reforms, perestroika failed to bring about significant changes in the political system. The Communist Party maintained its monopoly on power, and the reforms did not lead to the establishment of a genuine multiparty democracy. The lack of political pluralism hindered the ability to address systemic issues effectively.

5. Social Discontent: Perestroika exacerbated social discontent as the reforms led to economic hardships for many people. The dismantling of state subsidies and price controls resulted in rising prices and reduced access to essential goods. The gap between the rich and the poor widened, leading to increased social inequality.

6. Resistance to Change: Perestroika faced resistance from conservative elements within the Soviet establishment. The entrenched bureaucracy, party officials, and vested interests resisted the reforms, hindering their implementation and effectiveness.

7. Lack of Clear Vision and Strategy: Perestroika lacked a clear vision and comprehensive strategy for achieving its goals. The reforms were implemented in a piecemeal manner, without a well-defined roadmap for transforming the Soviet system. This lack of direction contributed to the difficulties and shortcomings of the reform process.

It is important to note that perestroika did bring about some positive changes, such as increased freedom of speech and the opening up of the Soviet Union to the outside world. However, the problems mentioned above were significant challenges that perestroika was unable to fully overcome, ultimately leading to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.