Question

Написать почему правление Екатерины II считалось золотым веком дворянства, §28 вроде

Answer 1

21 апреля 1785 г. Екатерина II издала "Жалованную грамоту дворянству", по которой дворянство стало главным привилегированным сословием империи. Важнейшими преимуществами являлись: право владения землей и крепостными крестьянами, свобода от службы и личных податей, от телесных наказаний, неприкосновенность дворянского достоинства, лишение звания лишь по суду, право создавать губернские и уездные дворянские собрания для избрания ряда чиновников (судей, исправников) , отстаивания своих интересов перед верховной властью, введение родословных дворянских книг. Для доказательства сословных прав в губерниях были заведены родословные дворянские книги, в которые дворянство записывалось по 6 разрядам в зависимости от способа получения дворянства, древности рода и наличия титула. По переписи 1897 г. дворянство насчитывало около 1800 тыс. человек. надеюсь помогла

Answer 2

The Golden Age of the Nobility under Catherine II's Rule

Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great, ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796. Her reign is often referred to as the "Golden Age of the Nobility" due to several factors that contributed to the empowerment and prosperity of the Russian nobility during this period.

1. Enlightened Despotism and Reforms

Catherine II was an enlightened despot who embraced the ideas of the Enlightenment and sought to modernize and reform Russia. She implemented a series of reforms aimed at improving the lives of the nobility and strengthening their position in society. These reforms included:

- Legislative Reforms: Catherine introduced a new legal code, known as the Charter to the Nobility, which granted the nobility certain privileges and rights. This code provided legal protection for the nobility and established their social status as a hereditary elite. - Educational Reforms: Catherine promoted education among the nobility, establishing schools and universities that provided a comprehensive education in various fields. This emphasis on education helped to cultivate a highly educated and cultured nobility. - Land Reforms: Catherine implemented land reforms that allowed the nobility to acquire more land and increase their wealth and influence. She also encouraged the development of agriculture and introduced new farming techniques, which further benefited the nobility.

2. Expansion of the Russian Empire

During Catherine II's reign, the Russian Empire expanded significantly through a series of successful military campaigns and territorial acquisitions. This expansion brought vast new territories under Russian control, which provided opportunities for the nobility to acquire more land, wealth, and serfs. The nobility played a crucial role in the administration and governance of these newly acquired territories, further enhancing their social and political status.

3. Patronage of the Arts and Culture

Catherine II was a great patron of the arts and culture. She supported and encouraged the development of literature, theater, music, and the fine arts. The nobility, being the primary beneficiaries of Catherine's patronage, played a significant role in the flourishing of Russian arts and culture during this period. Many nobles became prominent writers, artists, and intellectuals, contributing to the cultural renaissance of the time.

4. Social Status and Privileges

The nobility enjoyed a privileged position in Russian society during Catherine II's rule. They held high-ranking positions in the government, military, and bureaucracy. The nobility had exclusive access to education, prestigious social circles, and influential networks. They also had the right to own serfs, who provided them with labor and contributed to their wealth and social standing.

In conclusion, Catherine II's reign is considered the "Golden Age of the Nobility" due to her enlightened despotism, reforms, territorial expansion, patronage of the arts, and the privileged social status enjoyed by the nobility during this period. These factors contributed to the empowerment and prosperity of the Russian nobility, making it a significant era in their history.