Question

Хроники борьбы за объединение италии даты и события

Answer 1

События

Январь 1848 г.

Восстание в Палермо против неополитанских Бурбонов

Март 1848 г.

Восстания в Милане и Венеции против австрийского владычества. Объявление войны Пьемонтом Австрии, провозглашение в Венеции республики

Ноябрь 1848 г.

Народное восстание в Риме, бегство Папы, образование светского правительства

Февраль 1849 г.

Провозглашение Римской республики

Июнь 1849 г.

Осада и капитуляция Рима

Август 1849 г.

Капитуляция Венеции

Апрель 1859 г.

Начало войны Сардинского королевства с Австрией

Май 1859 г.

Победа франко-итальянской армии над австрийцами в битве при Мадженте

24 июня 1859 г.

Победа союзников над австрийцами в битве при Сольферино

Март 1860 г.

Созыв первого «итальянского» парламента

Весна 1860 г.

Восстание на о. Сицилия. Поход «тысячи» Д.Гарибальди

19 августа — 19 октября 1860 г.

Высадка войск Гарибальди на материке, плебесцит, провозглашение Виктора- Эммануила II королем Неаполя

1861 г.

Провозглашение Итальянского королевства в составе Пьемонта и соединившихся с ним областей

Лето 1870 г.

Ввод итальянских войск в Рим. Завершение объединения Италии. Рим — столица

1874 г.

Торжественный въезд Д. Гарибальди в Рим как депутата парламента

Answer 2

The Unification of Italy: Dates and Events

The unification of Italy was a complex process that took place during the 19th century. It involved the consolidation of various states and territories into a single nation-state known as Italy. Here are some key dates and events related to the struggle for the unification of Italy:

1. Risorgimento (1815-1871): The Risorgimento was a period of political and social upheaval in Italy, characterized by the desire for Italian unification and independence from foreign rule. It began in 1815 after the Congress of Vienna, which redrew the map of Europe following the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte. The Risorgimento movement gained momentum throughout the 19th century.

2. Carbonari and Young Italy: In the early 19th century, secret societies such as the Carbonari emerged in Italy. They advocated for liberal reforms and Italian independence. In 1831, Giuseppe Mazzini founded the secret society Young Italy, which aimed to unite Italy under a republican government.

3. Revolutions of 1848: The year 1848 saw a wave of revolutions across Europe, including in Italy. These revolutions were driven by demands for political and social reforms. In Italy, the revolutions led to the establishment of temporary governments in several states, but they were ultimately suppressed by conservative forces.

4. Kingdom of Sardinia: The Kingdom of Sardinia, led by the House of Savoy, played a crucial role in the unification of Italy. Under the leadership of Count Camillo di Cavour, the kingdom pursued a policy of alliances and military campaigns to expand its territory and weaken foreign control over Italy.

5. Austro-Sardinian War (1859): The Austro-Sardinian War, also known as the Second Italian War of Independence, was fought between the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Austrian Empire. The war resulted in the defeat of Austria and the annexation of Lombardy by Sardinia.

6. Expedition of the Thousand (1860): In 1860, Giuseppe Garibaldi, a key figure in the unification of Italy, led a volunteer army known as the "Expedition of the Thousand" to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in southern Italy. Garibaldi's successful campaign contributed to the unification of Italy.

7. Annexation of Venetia (1866): In 1866, during the Austro-Prussian War, Italy allied with Prussia against Austria. As a result of the war, Venetia was annexed by Italy.

8. Capture of Rome (1870): The capture of Rome by Italian forces in 1870 marked the final step in the unification of Italy. Rome had been under the control of the Papal States, and its capture ensured the establishment of Rome as the capital of Italy.

Please note that the events and dates mentioned above provide a general overview of the struggle for the unification of Italy. The process was complex and involved various political, social, and military developments. For more detailed information, I recommend referring to the sources provided below:

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I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.