Question

Результаты правления Генриха 2 Плантагенета! СРОЧНО!!!

Answer 1

Результаты правления Генриха II Плантагенета

1.Основал династию Плантагенетов
2.Было создано сильное централизованное государство
3.Реформы значительно усилили королевскую власть в Англии:
а) Проведена судебная реформа ( появился суд присяжных)
б) Ввел налог с рыцарей-"щитовые деньги" -создание наёмной армии
в) В графствах была усилена власть королевских чиновников-шерифов
г) Создал палату"шахматной доски"-Высший орган,который
   заведовал   налогами

Answer 2

Results of Henry II Plantagenet's Reign

Henry II Plantagenet was a significant figure in English history, known for his extensive reforms and centralization of power. His reign, which lasted from 1154 to 1189, had a profound impact on various aspects of governance, law, and society in England. Here are some key results of Henry II Plantagenet's reign:

1. Legal Reforms: Henry II is renowned for his contributions to legal reforms in England. He implemented a system of royal justice that aimed to strengthen the authority of the monarchy and establish a unified legal system. One of his most notable achievements was the introduction of the jury system, which allowed disputes to be settled by a group of impartial individuals. This system laid the foundation for the modern jury trial.

2. Expansion of Royal Authority: During his reign, Henry II sought to expand the authority of the monarchy and reduce the power of feudal lords. He implemented various administrative reforms to achieve this goal, such as strengthening royal courts and establishing a network of itinerant justices who traveled throughout the country to administer justice on behalf of the king. These measures helped to centralize power and establish the king as the ultimate authority in legal matters.

3. Conflict with the Church: Henry II's reign was marked by conflicts with the Church, particularly with Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. The dispute arose from Henry's attempts to assert royal authority over the Church and subject clergy to the jurisdiction of royal courts. This conflict ultimately led to Becket's murder in 1170 and strained relations between the monarchy and the Church.

4. Angevin Empire: Under Henry II's rule, the Angevin Empire expanded significantly. The empire included not only England but also vast territories in France, such as Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine. Henry's marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine brought these territories under his control, making him one of the most powerful rulers in Europe at the time.

5. Cultural and Intellectual Patronage: Henry II was a patron of the arts and learning. He supported the development of universities, including the University of Oxford, and encouraged the translation of important works from Latin into English. His court attracted scholars and intellectuals, contributing to a flourishing of cultural and intellectual activity during his reign.

These are just a few of the significant results of Henry II Plantagenet's reign. His reforms and policies had a lasting impact on English governance, law, and society, shaping the course of English history for centuries to come.

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