Question

Чем вы можете объяснить рост националистической идеологии в конце 19-начало 20 в

Answer 1

Рост националистической идеологии в данный период стоит связать с развитием национального самосознания в разных государствах. Это, безусловно, связано с ослаблением империй, который объединяли множество этносов и имели колонии. Самосознание в колониях достигнет своего пика позже, но необходимый переход к республике и рост коммунистических, националистических идеологий связано именно с ростом самосознания. К примеру, в начале 20 века Гитлер будет играть именно на угнетении великой германской нации другими странами после Первой мировой войны и будет очень популярен, и он был такой не один, националистические настроения разошлись по всей Европе.

Answer 2

The Rise of Nationalistic Ideology in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

The late 19th and early 20th centuries witnessed a significant rise in nationalistic ideology. This period was marked by various factors that contributed to the growth of nationalist sentiments across different regions. Here are some key factors that can help explain this phenomenon:

1. Historical Context and Political Developments: The late 19th and early 20th centuries were characterized by significant political changes and historical events that shaped the rise of nationalism. These include the decline of empires, the emergence of new nation-states, and the struggle for independence by various ethnic and cultural groups.

2. Cultural and Linguistic Identity: Nationalism often finds its roots in a strong sense of cultural and linguistic identity. People began to identify themselves more strongly with their own ethnic, linguistic, and cultural heritage, leading to the rise of nationalist movements that aimed to protect and promote these identities.

3. Economic Factors: Economic factors also played a role in the rise of nationalism. Industrialization and urbanization led to the growth of middle-class populations, who sought to protect their economic interests and assert their political influence. Nationalism provided a platform for these groups to demand economic reforms and protect their rights.

4. Intellectual and Philosophical Movements: Intellectual and philosophical movements, such as Romanticism, played a significant role in shaping nationalist ideologies. Romanticism emphasized the importance of individual and national identity, cultural heritage, and historical narratives, which resonated with the aspirations of many people during this period.

5. Political Movements and Leaders: The rise of nationalist ideology was often accompanied by the emergence of political movements and charismatic leaders who championed the cause of national self-determination. These leaders, such as Giuseppe Garibaldi in Italy and Sun Yat-sen in China, mobilized people around nationalist ideals and played a crucial role in the formation of new nation-states.

6. Colonialism and Imperialism: The era of colonialism and imperialism also contributed to the rise of nationalist sentiments. The subjugation of indigenous populations by colonial powers led to a sense of collective identity and resistance against foreign rule. Nationalism became a powerful tool for anti-colonial movements seeking independence and self-governance.

7. Impact of World Wars: The two World Wars further fueled nationalist sentiments. The conflicts and geopolitical changes that occurred during these wars led to the redrawing of national boundaries and the formation of new nation-states. Nationalism played a significant role in shaping the outcomes of these wars and the subsequent reorganization of the global order.

It is important to note that the rise of nationalism was a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, influenced by a combination of factors specific to each region and country. The factors mentioned above provide a general framework for understanding the growth of nationalist ideology during this period.

I hope this explanation helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.