Question

Какие изменения в либеральном движении произошли в 1870-е - начале 1880-х гг.?

Answer 1

После реформы 1861  года происходил рост либеральных движения в России руководители этого движения  стремились воздействовать на правительство. 
Конец 70-х начало 80х 19 века, были связаны с новыми подъемом либерального движения, вызванный русско-турецкой войной в 1877-1879 году
  В этот период многие земства посылали адреса правительству вставшим на путь реформ 

Answer 2

Changes in the Liberal Movement in the 1870s and early 1880s

During the 1870s and early 1880s, the liberal movement underwent significant changes. These changes can be observed in various aspects, including political, social, and economic developments.

Political Changes: - The liberal movement saw a shift towards more progressive and reformist ideas. Liberals advocated for political and social reforms, including expanding suffrage rights, promoting civil liberties, and advocating for the separation of church and state. - In some countries, liberal parties gained political power and implemented liberal policies. For example, in Britain, the Liberal Party under the leadership of William Gladstone introduced various reforms, such as the Education Act of 1870 and the Ballot Act of 1872, which aimed to improve education and electoral processes. - The rise of nationalism also influenced the liberal movement. In some cases, liberals aligned themselves with nationalist movements, advocating for self-determination and independence for their respective nations.

Social Changes: - The liberal movement played a role in promoting social equality and addressing social injustices. Liberals advocated for the rights of workers, including improved working conditions, fair wages, and the right to form trade unions. - The liberal movement also supported social reforms, such as the expansion of public education and the improvement of healthcare systems. - Women's rights became an important issue for liberals during this period. The women's suffrage movement gained momentum, with liberal activists advocating for women's right to vote and equal political participation.

Economic Changes: - The liberal movement embraced economic liberalism, which emphasized free trade, limited government intervention in the economy, and the protection of property rights. - Liberal economists promoted laissez-faire policies and argued for the removal of trade barriers and regulations that hindered economic growth. - The liberal movement also supported the development of infrastructure, such as railways and telegraph networks, to facilitate economic expansion and globalization.

It is important to note that the specific changes in the liberal movement during the 1870s and early 1880s varied across different countries and regions. The examples provided above are general trends observed during this period.