Question

Срочно надо! Даю 20 баллов. Как завершение колониального раздела мира повлияло на политическую ситуацию в мире?

Answer 1

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К 1914 весь мир оказался поделенным между колониальными державами. Наиболее крупные колониальные империи сумели создать Великобритания (27 621 тыс. кв. км; ок. 340 млн. чел.) и Франция (10 634 тыс. кв. км; более 59 млн чел.); обширные владения имели также Нидерланды (2109 тыс. кв. км; более 32 млн чел.), Германия (2593 тыс. кв. км; более 13 млн чел.), Бельгия (2253 тыс. кв. км; 14 млн чел.), Португалия (2146 тыс. кв. км; более 14 млн чел.) и США (566 тыс. кв. км; более 11 млн чел.). Завершив раздел «свободных» территорий Африки, Азии и Океании, великие державы перешли к борьбе за передел мира. Наступил период мировых войн.

В результате активной колониальной экспансии в конце 19 – начале 20 в. завершилось «объединение» мира под эгидой Запада. Усилился процесс глобализации, создания единого мирового политического, экономического и культурного пространства. Для покоренных стран эта эпоха, с одной стороны, несла постепенное разрушение или трансформацию традиционных форм существования, ту или иную степень политического, экономического и идеологического подчинения; с другой, медленное приобщение к технологическим, культурным и политическим достижениям Запада.

Answer 2

The Impact of the End of Colonialism on the Political Situation in the World

The end of colonialism had a significant impact on the political situation in the world. It led to the emergence of new independent nations, changes in power dynamics, and shifts in global politics. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Emergence of New Independent Nations: The end of colonialism resulted in the establishment of numerous new independent nations. Former colonies gained their sovereignty and began to govern themselves. This led to the formation of new governments and political systems, as well as the development of national identities. The process of decolonization occurred throughout the 20th century and continued into the 21st century.

2. Changes in Power Dynamics: The end of colonialism also brought about changes in power dynamics on a global scale. Former colonial powers lost their direct control over territories and had to adjust to a new world order. This shift in power allowed for the rise of new regional and global powers. It also led to the formation of alliances and the reconfiguration of geopolitical relationships.

3. Shifts in Global Politics: The end of colonialism had a profound impact on global politics. It challenged the existing international order and led to the reevaluation of norms and values. The newly independent nations often sought to assert their own interests and influence on the global stage. This led to the emergence of new political movements, such as the Non-Aligned Movement, which aimed to promote the interests of developing countries and challenge the dominance of the superpowers.

4. Economic Consequences: The end of colonialism also had economic consequences. Former colonies often faced challenges in building their economies and infrastructure. They had to navigate the transition from being dependent on colonial powers to becoming self-sufficient. This process was often accompanied by economic struggles, as well as debates over resource allocation and economic policies.

5. Impact on International Relations: The end of colonialism also had implications for international relations. It led to the formation of new diplomatic relationships and the reconfiguration of existing alliances. Former colonies often sought to establish their own foreign policies and engage with other nations on their own terms. This led to a more diverse and complex international system.

In conclusion, the end of colonialism had a profound impact on the political situation in the world. It resulted in the emergence of new independent nations, changes in power dynamics, shifts in global politics, economic consequences, and the reconfiguration of international relations. These changes continue to shape the world today.