Question

Территории и страны завоеванные цинской империи

Answer 1

Первые захватнические походы правителей Цин были направлены на Монголию. Уже в середине XVI в. Монгольское ханство на востоке было разделено на три ханства, и в 1636 г. маньчжуры подчинили себе ханство Чахар в Южной Монголии. В конце XVII в. (в 1691 г.) Халхасское ханство Северной Монголии вошло в состав Цинской империи. Яростное сопротивление империи в течение длительного времени оказывало Джунгарское ханство, образованное из ойратских племен Западной Монголии, стремящееся всеми силами сохранить свою самостоятельность. В середине XVIII в. (1757—1758), воспользовавшись внутренними противоречиями в Джунгарском ханстве, войска Цин завоевали его. Сразу же после захвата Джунгарии они направились на завоевание Восточного Туркестана. Сломив сопротивление местного населения, войска Цин в 1759 г. покорили и эти земли. С тех пор Джунгарию и Восточный Туркестан стали считать присоединенным к империи Цин “новым приграничным районом”, т. е. по-китайски Синьцзян.  это основные их завоевания

Answer 2

Territories and Countries Conquered by the Chinese Empire

The Chinese Empire, also known as the Qing Dynasty, expanded its territories through military conquests and diplomatic negotiations. Here are some of the territories and countries that were conquered by the Chinese Empire:

1. Tibet: The Chinese Empire exerted control over Tibet during the 18th century. Tibet was incorporated into the empire as a protectorate, and Chinese officials were stationed in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet.

2. Xinjiang: Xinjiang, located in the northwest region of China, was conquered by the Chinese Empire in the mid-18th century. The region was brought under Chinese rule and became an integral part of the empire.

3. Mongolia: The Chinese Empire established control over Mongolia in the late 17th century. Mongolia was incorporated into the empire as an autonomous region, with the Qing Dynasty appointing Mongolian nobles as local rulers.

4. Taiwan: Taiwan was conquered by the Chinese Empire in the late 17th century. The island was initially settled by Chinese migrants, and the Chinese Empire formally incorporated Taiwan into its territories.

5. Korea: The Chinese Empire had significant influence over Korea during the 18th and 19th centuries. Korea was considered a vassal state of the Chinese Empire, and the Qing Dynasty maintained control over Korean affairs.

6. Vietnam: The Chinese Empire exerted control over Vietnam for several periods throughout history. Vietnam was often ruled as a vassal state under Chinese suzerainty, with Chinese officials overseeing Vietnamese affairs.

It's important to note that the Chinese Empire's control over these territories varied in terms of the level of direct administration and autonomy granted to local rulers. The empire's expansion was driven by a combination of military conquests, diplomatic alliances, and cultural assimilation.

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