Question

Досягнення Візантії​

Answer 1

Ответ:

вот на фото

Объяснение:

вроде бы все тут

Answer 2

Achievements of Byzantium

The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, made significant achievements in various fields throughout its existence. Here are some notable achievements of Byzantium:

1. Preservation of Greco-Roman Culture: Byzantium played a crucial role in preserving and transmitting the knowledge and culture of the ancient Greeks and Romans. The Byzantines preserved and copied numerous ancient texts, including works of philosophy, literature, and science, which would have otherwise been lost to history.

2. Byzantine Art and Architecture: Byzantium made significant contributions to art and architecture. Byzantine art is characterized by its rich use of mosaics, icons, and frescoes, often depicting religious themes. The Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (now Istanbul) is a prime example of Byzantine architecture, known for its massive dome and intricate mosaics.

3. Legal System: The Byzantine Empire developed a comprehensive legal system known as the Corpus Juris Civilis, or the Justinian Code. This legal code had a profound influence on the development of legal systems in Europe and served as the basis for many modern legal principles.

4. Byzantine Science and Technology: Byzantine scholars made advancements in various scientific fields, including astronomy, mathematics, and medicine. Notable Byzantine scientists include Anthemius of Tralles, who co-designed the Hagia Sophia, and Michael Psellos, a polymath who made contributions to philosophy, astronomy, and medicine.

5. Byzantine Literature: Byzantium produced a rich body of literature, including historical chronicles, theological works, and poetry. Notable Byzantine writers include Procopius, Anna Komnene, and John of Damascus.

6. Byzantine Military Tactics: The Byzantine Empire developed innovative military tactics that allowed it to withstand numerous invasions and threats. The use of the Greek fire, a highly effective incendiary weapon, and the development of the Varangian Guard, an elite unit composed of Scandinavian warriors, are examples of Byzantine military achievements.

7. Byzantine Trade and Economy: Byzantium was a major center of trade and commerce, connecting Europe and Asia. The empire's strategic location allowed it to control key trade routes, contributing to its economic prosperity. The Byzantines also developed a sophisticated monetary system, including the gold solidus, which became a widely accepted currency in the medieval world.

8. Byzantine Influence on Christianity: Byzantium played a significant role in the development and spread of Christianity. The Byzantine Empire was the center of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, and its emperors played a crucial role in shaping the church's doctrine and organization. Byzantine missionaries also spread Christianity to neighboring regions, such as Russia and the Balkans.

These are just a few examples of the achievements of Byzantium. The Byzantine Empire had a lasting impact on various aspects of culture, art, science, and governance, leaving a rich legacy that continues to be studied and appreciated today.