Question

Какая была система государственной власти в Византии при Юстиниане первом Великом​

Answer 1

Ответ:

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Answer 2

The System of Government in Byzantium under Justinian I the Great

The system of government in Byzantium, under the rule of Justinian I the Great, was characterized by a centralized autocracy with the emperor at the helm. Justinian I, who reigned from 527 to 565 AD, sought to restore the glory of the Roman Empire and implemented various reforms to strengthen the imperial authority.

Imperial Autocracy: Under Justinian I, the Byzantine Empire was governed as an autocracy, with the emperor holding absolute power. Justinian I was considered the supreme ruler and held authority over all aspects of governance, including legislation, administration, and the military. He was regarded as God's representative on Earth and was responsible for upholding the divine order.

Codification of Laws: One of Justinian I's most significant achievements was the codification of Roman laws. He commissioned a group of legal experts to compile and organize existing laws into a unified legal code known as the Corpus Juris Civilis, or the Justinian Code. This code became the foundation of Byzantine law and had a lasting impact on legal systems throughout Europe.

Administrative Structure: The Byzantine Empire had a complex administrative structure that allowed for efficient governance. The empire was divided into provinces, known as themes, which were further subdivided into smaller administrative units. Each province was governed by a strategos, who was responsible for maintaining law and order, collecting taxes, and overseeing military affairs.

Bureaucracy: The Byzantine government relied heavily on a well-developed bureaucracy to administer the empire. The bureaucracy consisted of various officials and departments responsible for different aspects of governance, such as finance, justice, and foreign affairs. These officials were appointed by the emperor and played a crucial role in implementing imperial policies.

Imperial Court: The imperial court was the center of political power in Byzantium. It served as the residence of the emperor and his family and was also the venue for important ceremonies and events. The court was a place of intrigue and influence, with various courtiers vying for the emperor's favor and seeking to advance their own interests.

State Religion: Christianity played a central role in Byzantine society and government. Justinian I was a devout Christian and sought to promote and protect the Orthodox Christian faith. He issued laws and edicts that enforced religious orthodoxy and suppressed heresy. The church and state were closely intertwined, with the emperor having authority over ecclesiastical matters.

In conclusion, the system of government in Byzantium under Justinian I the Great was characterized by imperial autocracy, the codification of laws, a complex administrative structure, a well-developed bureaucracy, a powerful imperial court, and the close relationship between the state and the Orthodox Christian Church.