Question

Перечислите, что из быта средневековой деревни ушло безвозвратно, что сохранилось до наших дней

Answer 1

Ушло: самовар, печка, надстольник( свечка, висящая над столом), некоторая посуда. Осталось: некоторая посуда, столы, стулья и прочая мебель. Это я описывал русский быт. Если надо какой-то ещё, могу помочь.

Answer 2

What has been lost from medieval village life and what has survived to this day?

Medieval village life was vastly different from the modern world, and many aspects of it have been lost over time. However, there are also elements that have managed to survive to this day. Let's explore both aspects in more detail:

Lost Aspects of Medieval Village Life:

1. Feudal System: The feudal system, which was the social and economic structure of medieval society, has largely disappeared. This hierarchical system, where land was owned by lords and worked by peasants in exchange for protection, has been replaced by more modern forms of governance and land ownership.

2. Manorialism: Manorialism, which was the economic system of the Middle Ages, has also vanished. Under this system, peasants worked on the lord's land in exchange for protection and a share of the crops. The manor was a self-sufficient unit, with the lord's manor house at its center. Today, the concept of manorialism is no longer applicable in most societies.

3. Serfdom: Serfdom, a form of unfree labor, was prevalent in medieval villages. Serfs were bound to the land and were obligated to work for the lord. With the decline of feudalism, serfdom gradually disappeared, and the concept of free labor emerged.

4. Limited Technology: Medieval villages lacked the technological advancements that we have today. There was limited access to modern tools, machinery, and infrastructure. This meant that tasks such as farming, construction, and transportation were much more labor-intensive and time-consuming compared to modern methods.

Surviving Aspects of Medieval Village Life:

1. Architecture: Some medieval village buildings and structures have survived to this day. Castles, churches, and manor houses are examples of architectural structures that have stood the test of time. These buildings provide valuable insights into the construction techniques and design aesthetics of the medieval period.

2. Agricultural Practices: While modern farming methods have evolved significantly, some traditional agricultural practices from medieval times are still in use today. For example, crop rotation, which involves alternating the types of crops grown in a field to maintain soil fertility, was practiced in medieval agriculture and is still employed by farmers today.

3. Craftsmanship and Artistry: Medieval villages were centers of craftsmanship and artistry. Skills such as blacksmithing, weaving, pottery, and woodworking were essential for the daily life of the villagers. Today, these traditional crafts are still practiced by artisans who strive to preserve the techniques and traditions of the past.

4. Folklore and Festivals: Many medieval villages had their own unique folklore, legends, and traditional festivals. Some of these traditions have survived and are still celebrated in various parts of the world. These festivals provide a glimpse into the cultural heritage and customs of medieval village life.

It is important to note that the survival of these aspects varies across different regions and cultures. While some elements have been lost entirely, others have managed to endure and are still appreciated and celebrated today.