Question

Почему Греция потеряла независимость? 

Answer 1

Первая европейская держава Греция возникла в III тыс. до н. н.э. и просуществовала до II в. до н. э Потеряла независимость, став частью Римской империи. С IV в. н. е. - часть Византийской империи, а с 1453 по 1821 гг - под властью Османской империи. В Первой мировой войне греческое правительство вступило в союз с Францией и Британией. В 1941-1945 гг - оккупирована Германией. Член Европейского Сообщества с 1981 г., НАТО - с 1951 г.

Answer 2

Why did Greece lose its independence?

Greece lost its independence due to a complex series of historical events. Here is a detailed explanation:

1. Ottoman Rule: Greece was under Ottoman rule for nearly four centuries, from the mid-15th century until the early 19th century. During this time, the Greek people experienced political, economic, and cultural oppression under the Ottoman Empire.

2. Greek War of Independence: The Greek War of Independence, which began in 1821, was a significant event in Greece's struggle for independence. The Greek revolutionaries fought against the Ottoman Empire to establish an independent Greek state. After years of conflict, Greece finally gained its independence in 1830 with the signing of the Treaty of Constantinople.

3. Political Instability: Following its independence, Greece faced significant challenges in establishing a stable political system. The country experienced frequent changes in government, political instability, and power struggles, which hindered its progress and development.

4. External Interventions: Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, Greece faced external interventions from major European powers. These interventions often influenced Greek politics and led to periods of foreign control or influence over the country. For example, during the late 19th century, Greece was under the influence of the Great Powers (Britain, France, and Russia) who played a role in shaping Greek politics and policies.

5. World Wars and Civil War: Greece was also significantly affected by both World Wars. During World War I, Greece initially remained neutral but later joined the Allies. The war had a devastating impact on the country's economy and infrastructure. In World War II, Greece was occupied by Axis forces, including Nazi Germany and Italy. The Greek resistance fought against the occupation, but the country suffered greatly during this period. After World War II, Greece experienced a civil war between communist and anti-communist forces, further destabilizing the country.

6. Cold War Influence: During the Cold War, Greece became a battleground for ideological conflicts between the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States supported Greece financially and militarily to prevent the spread of communism. This external influence had a significant impact on Greek politics and society.

7. Economic Challenges: Greece has also faced significant economic challenges throughout its history. The country has experienced periods of economic instability, high levels of debt, and financial crises. These economic challenges have had a profound impact on Greece's political and social landscape.

It is important to note that the loss of independence is a complex issue influenced by a combination of historical, political, and economic factors. The factors mentioned above provide a broad overview of the reasons behind Greece's loss of independence, but there may be additional factors to consider as well.