Question

Почему японии удалось избежать крупных социальных конфликтов?какой тип трудовых отношений преобладал между работодателями и наёмными работниками?

Answer 1

Японии удалось избежать крупных социальных конфликтов из-за их менталитета(их религии,а на второй вопрос лишь могу догадываться(работники выполняли всё беспрекословно)

Answer 2

Why did Japan manage to avoid major social conflicts?

Japan's ability to avoid major social conflicts can be attributed to several factors. One key factor is the strong emphasis on social harmony and consensus-building in Japanese society. This cultural value, known as "wa," promotes cooperation, compromise, and the avoidance of confrontation.

Additionally, Japan has a highly developed system of labor relations that has helped to mitigate social conflicts. The country has a tradition of lifetime employment, where companies provide job security and stability to their employees. This system has helped to create a sense of loyalty and commitment between employers and employees, reducing the likelihood of major conflicts.

Furthermore, Japan has a strong tradition of collective bargaining and labor unions. These organizations play a crucial role in negotiating labor conditions and ensuring workers' rights. The presence of strong labor unions has helped to maintain a balance of power between employers and employees, reducing the potential for major social conflicts.

It is also worth noting that Japan has implemented various social welfare programs and policies to address social inequalities and provide support to vulnerable populations. These measures help to alleviate some of the economic and social pressures that can lead to conflicts.

In summary, Japan's emphasis on social harmony, the tradition of lifetime employment, the presence of strong labor unions, and the implementation of social welfare programs have all contributed to the country's ability to avoid major social conflicts.

What type of labor relations predominated between employers and wage workers?

In Japan, the predominant type of labor relations between employers and wage workers is often characterized as a "permanent employment system" or "lifetime employment system." Under this system, companies provide job security and stability to their employees, often guaranteeing employment until retirement age. In return, employees are expected to demonstrate loyalty and commitment to the company.

The permanent employment system is based on the principle of long-term employment relationships, where employees are hired straight out of school and remain with the same company throughout their careers. This system fosters a sense of loyalty and commitment between employers and employees, as well as a strong company culture and identity.

However, it is important to note that the permanent employment system is not universal in Japan. In recent years, there has been a shift towards more flexible employment arrangements, such as part-time work, temporary contracts, and non-regular employment. This shift has been driven by various factors, including changes in the labor market, globalization, and the need for greater workforce flexibility.

In conclusion, while the permanent employment system has traditionally been the predominant form of labor relations in Japan, there has been a growing diversification of employment arrangements in recent years.