Question

Почему древние греки украшали храмы прежде всего снаружи а византийские мастера изнутри​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Разница в оформлении храмов кроется в отношение к Богу.

В Греции поклонялись богам,в их честь возводили храмы,огромные статуи божества размещали внутри,посещать их могли лишь жрецы и приближенные к ним люди.

Все обряды,посвящения,празднества,приношения,жрецы проводили снаружи храма,при большом скоплении эллинов.

Поэтому очень важен был внешний вид "дома" божества.

В Византии,проповедующей христианство,человек приходил в храм,для обращения к Богу.

Службы,празднования,песнопения проходили внутри святилища,люди собирались в храмах регулярно,поэтому важную роль играли внутренние убранства храмов.

Answer 2

Ancient Greek Temples: Decoration on the Exterior

Ancient Greek temples were primarily decorated on the exterior for several reasons. The decoration of the exterior of Greek temples served both aesthetic and religious purposes. Here are some key reasons why the ancient Greeks focused on decorating the exteriors of their temples:

1. Aesthetic Appeal: The ancient Greeks placed great importance on the visual beauty of their architecture. They believed that the external appearance of a temple should be visually striking and impressive. By adorning the exterior with intricate sculptures, reliefs, and decorative elements, they aimed to create a visually captivating structure that would inspire awe and admiration in the viewer.

2. Symbolism and Narrative: The exterior decoration of Greek temples often depicted mythological scenes, heroic deeds, and religious narratives. These sculptures and reliefs served as visual representations of the gods, goddesses, and mythological stories that were central to Greek religious beliefs. They conveyed important messages and teachings to the worshippers and visitors of the temples.

3. Public Display: Greek temples were not only places of worship but also served as important civic and cultural centers. The external decoration of the temples was a way to showcase the wealth, power, and artistic achievements of the city or state that built them. It was a form of public display and a means of asserting cultural and political dominance.

4. Accessibility: Unlike the interiors of the temples, which were accessible only to priests and select individuals, the exteriors were visible to everyone. By decorating the exteriors, the ancient Greeks ensured that the general public could appreciate and engage with the beauty and symbolism of their religious architecture.

Byzantine Temples: Decoration on the Interior

In contrast to the ancient Greeks, Byzantine masters focused on decorating the interiors of their temples. Byzantine art and architecture, particularly during the Byzantine Empire (4th to 15th centuries), were characterized by lavish and intricate interior decoration. Here are some reasons why Byzantine masters prioritized interior decoration:

1. Spiritual Focus: Byzantine Christianity placed a strong emphasis on the spiritual and mystical aspects of worship. The interior decoration of Byzantine churches aimed to create a sacred and transcendent atmosphere that facilitated a deeper connection with the divine. Byzantine masters used mosaics, frescoes, and iconography to create a visually immersive and spiritually uplifting environment.

2. Symbolism and Theology: The interior decoration of Byzantine churches was rich in symbolism and theological significance. Mosaics and frescoes depicted biblical scenes, saints, angels, and other religious figures. These artworks conveyed theological teachings and served as aids for worship and contemplation.

3. Divine Light: Byzantine churches were designed to maximize the effect of natural and artificial light. The interior decoration, especially the use of gold mosaics and reflective surfaces, enhanced the play of light within the space. This created a sense of divine radiance and symbolized the presence of God.

4. Enclosed Sacred Space: Byzantine churches were seen as sacred spaces that separated the earthly realm from the heavenly realm. The interior decoration helped create a sense of enclosure and separation from the outside world, allowing worshippers to focus their attention on the spiritual realm.

In summary, the ancient Greeks prioritized the decoration of the exteriors of their temples for aesthetic, symbolic, and public display purposes. On the other hand, Byzantine masters focused on the interior decoration of their churches to create a spiritually immersive and symbolically rich environment.