Question

Вкажіть характерні риси якобінської диктатури. 1) Вся повнота влади належала Конвенту; 2) надання привілеїв католицькій церкві; 3) повна, безвідплатна відміна феодальних повинностей; 4) масові репресії проти опозиційних сил; 5) розквіт вільної торгівлі; 6) добровольчий принцип формування армії; 7) політика дехристиянізації.

Answer 1

Ответ:

1,3,4,7

Объяснение:

1) Вся повнота влади належала Конвенту;

3) повна, безвідплатна відміна феодальних повинностей;

4) масові репресії проти опозиційних сил;

7) політика дехристиянізації.

Answer 2

Characteristics of the Jacobin Dictatorship

The Jacobin dictatorship refers to the period of radical rule during the French Revolution, specifically from 1793 to 1794. This period was marked by significant changes in governance and the implementation of policies aimed at consolidating power and promoting revolutionary ideals. Here are the characteristic features of the Jacobin dictatorship:

1) Concentration of Power in the Convention: During the Jacobin dictatorship, the National Convention, the governing body of France at the time, held complete authority. The Convention was dominated by the Jacobin political faction, which sought to establish a centralized and revolutionary government.

2) Privileges Granted to the Catholic Church: Contrary to the claim mentioned, the Jacobin dictatorship did not grant privileges to the Catholic Church. In fact, the Jacobins pursued a policy of dechristianization, aiming to diminish the influence of the Catholic Church and promote a more secular society.

3) Abolition of Feudal Obligations: One of the key objectives of the Jacobin dictatorship was the complete and unconditional abolition of feudal obligations. This included the elimination of serfdom, feudal dues, and other remnants of the feudal system. The Jacobins aimed to create a more egalitarian society by removing the privileges of the nobility and clergy.

4) Repression of Opposition: The Jacobin dictatorship was characterized by mass repression and violence against perceived opposition. The Committee of Public Safety, led by Maximilien Robespierre, implemented policies that aimed to eliminate counter-revolutionary elements and maintain control. This led to the Reign of Terror, during which thousands of people were executed or imprisoned.

5) Promotion of Free Trade: The Jacobins supported the idea of free trade and sought to dismantle trade barriers and monopolies. They believed that free trade would stimulate economic growth and benefit the nation as a whole.

6) Voluntary Formation of the Army: The Jacobins implemented a policy of voluntary enlistment in the army. This meant that individuals were encouraged to join the military voluntarily, rather than through conscription. This approach aimed to create a more motivated and ideologically committed army.

7) Dechristianization Policy: As mentioned earlier, the Jacobin dictatorship pursued a policy of dechristianization. They aimed to replace religious practices and institutions with new revolutionary symbols and ideologies. Churches were closed, religious holidays were abolished, and new revolutionary festivals were introduced.

Please note that the information provided above is based on search results from You.com and is intended to provide a general overview of the characteristics of the Jacobin dictatorship during the French Revolution.