Question

.Почему много лет сама низка температура воздуха на Земле не менялась? Почему она была равна именно -72 C.

Answer 1

Для центральной части Антарктиды почти всегда были характерны зимы без выраженных минимумов температуры (безъядерные). Происходит это потому, что в основном этот район  характеризуется меридиональной атмосферной циркуляцией, которая позволяет поступать относительно теплому воздуху с прибрежных районов. Именно поэтому до 1983 года температура никогда не снижалась ниже 72 градусов, а средняя температура двух самых морозных месяцев была около 69 градусов.

В 1983 году произошла ситуация, когда меридиональная циркуляция прервалась и сменилась широтной, что привело к тому, что поступление теплого воздуха прекратилось и температура стала снижаться. В конце концов в июле 1983 года был достигнут ее минимум.

Answer 2

The Stability of Air Temperature on Earth

The air temperature on Earth has remained relatively stable over many years. The reason for this stability can be attributed to several factors.

1. Atmospheric Composition: The composition of Earth's atmosphere plays a significant role in regulating temperature. The atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace amounts of other gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane. These gases act as greenhouse gases, trapping heat from the sun and preventing it from escaping into space. This greenhouse effect helps maintain a relatively stable temperature on Earth.

2. Heat Distribution: The Earth's rotation and the distribution of land and water on the planet also contribute to the stability of air temperature. The rotation of the Earth causes variations in temperature between day and night, but overall, the heat is distributed relatively evenly across the planet. The oceans, in particular, play a crucial role in regulating temperature by absorbing and releasing heat slowly, which helps to moderate temperature extremes.

3. Climate Regulation: The Earth's climate system, including factors such as ocean currents, wind patterns, and cloud cover, helps regulate temperature on a global scale. These climate patterns distribute heat from the equator to the poles, preventing extreme temperature variations. Additionally, cloud cover reflects sunlight back into space, reducing the amount of heat absorbed by the Earth's surface and contributing to temperature stability.

4. Long-Term Climate Cycles: Earth's climate undergoes natural long-term cycles, such as ice ages and interglacial periods, which can cause fluctuations in temperature over thousands of years. However, these cycles do not explain the specific temperature of -72°C mentioned in the question. It is important to note that the average global temperature on Earth is significantly higher than -72°C. The specific context or source of the mentioned temperature is unclear and may require further clarification.

In conclusion, the stability of air temperature on Earth can be attributed to factors such as the composition of the atmosphere, heat distribution mechanisms, climate regulation, and long-term climate cycles. However, it is important to note that the specific temperature of -72°C mentioned in the question requires further clarification, as it does not align with the average global temperature on Earth.