Question

На какой высоте начнут образовываться облака при восходящих потоках воздуха , температура которого у поверхности Земли равна 20 ° С , а влажность - 9 г / м3 ?

Answer 1

Для влажности 9 г / м3 температура должна снизиться до 10˚С, имеем
20 - 10 = 10 (˚С) - на столько должна снизиться температура.
Поскольку в тропосфере она снижается в среднем на 6 ° при увеличении высоты на 1 км, составим пропорцию
6˚С - 1 км
10 ˚С - х км
х = 10 • 1: 6 = 1,6 (км) - высота, на которой будут образовываться облака.

Answer 2

Cloud Formation at Different Altitudes

To determine the altitude at which clouds begin to form under the given conditions, we can use the concept of the lifting condensation level (LCL). The LCL is the level at which air reaches its dew point temperature and becomes saturated, leading to the formation of clouds.

Given: - Temperature at the Earth's surface (T): 20 °C - Humidity (specific humidity, q): 9 g/m3

The formula to calculate the LCL is:

LCL (in meters) = 125 * (T - Td)

Where: - T is the temperature at the Earth's surface in °C - Td is the dew point temperature in °C

To find the dew point temperature, we can use the following approximation formula:

Td = T - ((100 - RH) / 5)

Where: - RH is the relative humidity in percent

Let's calculate the LCL using the provided temperature and humidity.

Calculation

Using the given temperature (T = 20 °C) and humidity (q = 9 g/m3), we can calculate the dew point temperature (Td) and then the lifting condensation level (LCL).

Dew Point Temperature (Td): Td = 20 - ((100 - 9) / 5) = 20 - (91 / 5) ≈ 20 - 18 ≈ 2 °C

Lifting Condensation Level (LCL): LCL = 125 * (20 - 2) = 125 * 18 = 2250 meters

Conclusion

Under the given conditions, clouds will begin to form at an altitude of approximately 2250 meters when the air temperature at the Earth's surface is 20 °C and the specific humidity is 9 g/m3.