Question

ПОМОЖІТЬ БУДЬ ЛАСКА! 1.Назвіть основні типи картографічних проекцій за видом градусної сітки. Як їх можна розпізнати. 2.У якій проекції найчастіше створюють карти України? ПОЖАЛУЙСТАПОМОЖІТЬ!! СРОЧНО

Answer 1

Ответ:

Географічними картами людина користується з глибокої давнини. Перші спроби зобразити поверхню Землі були зроблені ще в Древній Греції такими вченими, як Ератосфен і Гиппарх. Природно, з тих пір картографія як наука далеко просунулася вперед. Сучасні карти створюються з допомогою зйомки із супутників і з використанням комп'ютерних технологій, що, звичайно ж, сприяє збільшенню їх точності. І все ж, на кожній географічній карті присутні деякі спотворення щодо натуральних форм, кутів або відстаней на земній поверхні. Характер цих спотворень, а, отже, і точність карти, залежить від видів картографічних проекцій

Answer 2

Types of Cartographic Projections based on Grid Type

There are several types of cartographic projections based on the type of grid used. Here are some of the main types:

1. Cylindrical Projections: Cylindrical projections are created by wrapping a cylinder around the globe and projecting the features onto the cylinder. The resulting map is then unrolled to create a flat surface. Cylindrical projections preserve straight lines and shapes but distort areas near the poles. Examples of cylindrical projections include the Mercator projection and the Miller projection.

2. Conic Projections: Conic projections are created by placing a cone over the globe and projecting the features onto the cone. The cone is then unrolled to create a flat surface. Conic projections preserve shape and distance along the lines of latitude where the cone touches the globe, but distort areas away from the cone. Examples of conic projections include the Albers projection and the Lambert conformal conic projection.

3. Azimuthal Projections: Azimuthal projections are created by projecting the features onto a plane tangent to the globe at a specific point. Azimuthal projections preserve direction from the center point but distort shape, distance, and area away from the center. Examples of azimuthal projections include the Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection and the Stereographic projection.

Recognizing Different Types of Cartographic Projections

Different types of cartographic projections can be recognized based on their visual characteristics. Here are some key features to look for:

1. Shape: Pay attention to the shapes of countries, continents, and other features on the map. Different projections may distort shapes differently. For example, the Mercator projection preserves shape but exaggerates the size of landmasses near the poles.

2. Distortion: Look for areas of distortion on the map. Distortion can manifest as stretching or compression of landmasses or changes in the relative size of countries or continents. Different projections have different patterns of distortion.

3. Grid Orientation: Consider the orientation of the grid lines on the map. Cylindrical projections typically have horizontal grid lines, while conic projections have curved grid lines that converge towards the poles. Azimuthal projections have radial grid lines emanating from a central point.

Most Common Projection for Maps of Ukraine

The most common projection used for maps of Ukraine is the Lambert conformal conic projection. This projection is a conic projection that preserves shape and distance along specific lines of latitude. It is often used for mapping regions that extend in an east-west direction, such as Ukraine.

The Lambert conformal conic projection is characterized by curved grid lines that converge towards the poles. It provides a good balance between shape preservation and minimizing distortion. This projection is commonly used for mapping large areas, such as countries or continents.

Please note that while the Lambert conformal conic projection is commonly used for maps of Ukraine, other projections may also be used depending on the purpose and scale of the map.

I hope this information is helpful! Let me know if you have any further questions.