
Read the text and answer the question. More than one answer may be correct. We spend about
one-third of our lives sleeping, and when not dreaming, we аге completely without consciousness. Even the humble fruit fly sleeps while some creatures, such as dolphins, sleep with half their brain at а time. Sleep matters: go one night without it and we suffer the next day; go too long and we would die. As we fall asleep, the rapid electrical activity found in normal waking fades away and slow, deep waves start coursing throughout the cortex. Most sensory input is blocked and nerve signals to muscles are interrupted, preventing us from acting out our dreams. Despite this, the brain remains almost as active as when we are awake. Sleep is usually divided into three stages of increasing depth, plus the "rapid eye movement" (REM) stage in which brain activity is similar to waking and most dreams occur. There are many theories about why we sleep. Some researchers think sleep helps consolidate memories from the previous day. Others believe it rebalances neurotransmitter levels. Dreams are even more mysterious. Freud believed that they represent wish fulfillment of the subconscious. А more recent theory argues that they are just the brain making sense of its own activity when cut off from the world. Dream consciousness is different from normal consciousness. When dreaming, we easily accept bizarre events, show reduced self-awareness, and generally lack experiences of volition. This may have to do with lower activity in the prefrontal cortex during dreaming. And dreaming is not limited to REM sleep – dream reports are also common after waking from early "slow wave" sleep, though these dreams are relatively static, snapshot-like images and usually lack а "self" character. What theories of sleep and dreaming are mentioned in the text? 1. Prefrontal cortex intercept nerve signals to the muscles 2. Dreaming is a way for the subconscious to manifest itself 3. Dreaming is a safe way for the brain to experience new situations 4. Sleep helps new experiences to be integrated

Ответы на вопрос

Сон сознания отличается от нормального сознания. Когда сновидения, мы с легкостью принимаем странные события, показывают уменьшение собственной осведомленности, и вообще отсутствие опыта воле. Возможно, это связано с более низкой активностью в префронтальной коре во время сновидения. И мечтать не ограничивается быстрого сна – сон сообщает также распространены после пробуждения от раннего "медленного" сна, хотя эти сны являются относительно статичными, снимок изображения и обычно не хватает а "я" персонажа.
Какие теории сна и сновидения упоминаются в тексте?



The text mentions several theories of sleep and dreaming. Let's analyze them:
1. Prefrontal cortex intercept nerve signals to the muscles: - This statement is not explicitly mentioned in the text. The text does mention that during sleep, nerve signals to muscles are interrupted, preventing us from acting out our dreams, but it doesn't specifically attribute this to the prefrontal cortex.
2. Dreaming is a way for the subconscious to manifest itself: - Yes, this theory is mentioned in the text. According to Freud, dreams represent wish fulfillment of the subconscious. This idea suggests that dreams provide an outlet for expressing hidden desires.
3. Dreaming is a safe way for the brain to experience new situations: - This statement is not explicitly mentioned in the text. While the text discusses that dreaming involves the brain making sense of its own activity, it doesn't specifically state that dreaming is a safe way for the brain to experience new situations.
4. Sleep helps new experiences to be integrated: - Yes, the text mentions that some researchers believe sleep helps consolidate memories from the previous day. This idea supports the notion that sleep plays a role in integrating and consolidating new experiences.
So, the correct answers based on the information provided in the text are: - 2. Dreaming is a way for the subconscious to manifest itself. - 4. Sleep helps new experiences to be integrated.


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