Question

2. In the Middle Ages in Europe numerous wars between different nations caused great damages to the houses of crowded Medieval towns. Therefore many monarchs and nobles built castles as a form of defense. Those castles had very strong walls narrow windows and projecting fortification VI. Прочтите 2-ой абзац и дайте письменно ответ на вопрос: Why did monarchs and nobles build castles?

Answer 1

Many monarchs and nobles built castles primarily as a form of defense. Because of numerous wars between nations, which caused damages to the houses of Medieval towns.

Answer 2

#### Why did monarchs and nobles build castles? During the Middle Ages in Europe, numerous wars between different nations caused great damages to the houses of crowded Medieval towns. As a result, many monarchs and nobles built castles as a form of defense. These castles were designed with very strong walls, narrow windows, and projecting fortifications to provide protection against enemy attacks. The primary reason for building castles was to establish a fortified stronghold that could serve as a defensive structure during times of conflict. Castles were strategically positioned in key locations, such as along borders or near important trade routes, to control and protect valuable territories. They were also used as a symbol of power and authority, showcasing the wealth and status of the monarch or noble who owned them. The strong walls of the castles provided a physical barrier against enemy forces, making it difficult for them to breach the defenses. The narrow windows were designed to be small and high up, making it challenging for attackers to enter the castle and limiting their visibility inside. This architectural feature allowed defenders to have a better advantage in defending the castle. The projecting fortifications, such as towers and battlements, offered additional defensive advantages. Towers provided vantage points for archers and guards to spot approaching enemies and launch counterattacks. Battlements, which were the protective parapets along the tops of walls, allowed defenders to safely observe and engage in combat with minimal exposure. Overall, the construction of castles by monarchs and nobles during the Middle Ages was driven by the need for defense and protection in a time of frequent warfare. These fortified structures played a crucial role in safeguarding territories, asserting authority, and providing a safe haven for the ruling elite and their subjects.