Question

Task 2. Answer the questions - ответьте на вопросы письменно: 1. Why is the problem of ecology important today? 2. What are the types of pollution? What can you say about each of them? 3. Do you reduce, reuse and recycle litter? Why (not)? 4. What should people do to prevent pollution? The problem of ecology is very important today, because we live in a polluted world. People all over the world discuss environmental protection, but they still continue to pollute air, water and soil. Plants and factories are being built near rivers and lakes. The water is full of industrial waste and this kills animals, insects and plants. There are some organizations that were created to protect our nature from pollution. The most famous organization is Greenpeace. It protects animals from dying out. There are special farms and organizations that help wild animals to survive. People who work in such places feed animals and cure them. There are several types of pollution: air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution. Air pollution is caused by different means of transport in big cities. Our cities are full of smog because of heavy traffic and people notice that it is hard to breathe there. Cars, buses and planes are among the worst air polluters. Factories and plants also pollute air pouring harmful gases and smoke into the air and that causes lung diseases among people and does harm to our health. Acid rains that appear because of air pollution damage forests and soil. Water pollution is another dangerous kind of pollution. Factories and plants throw wastes into rivers and lakes making them dirty. Animals die when they drink this water, people get sick when they swim in it and eat fish that live there. Soil pollution stops plants from growing and makes people sick when they eat fruit and vegetables grown on polluted soil. People also pollute soil by leaving litter on it. Forests are full of used bottles, wrappers and cans. Such litter can be found in rivers and lakes, too. Wild animals get sick and die because of this. Every day we throw away a lot of litter. However, we can use it again, for example paper, cloth, glass, plastic, etc. Everybody must know the three R's: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. We can reduce the usage of water and electricity. We should reuse whatever we can, for example, plastic bags, paper, cans, glass and bottles. It is not possible to stop technological process, close factories and plants. People need to invent new waste free technologies that will not do harm to nature. There are new inventions such as filters that make water and air clean. Some factories and plants have started using these machines already and this helps to prevent pollution. Special kinds of gasoline for cars can help to reduce air pollution. We must not ignore the problems of environmental pollution and try to make everything possible to reduce if not stop it.

Answer 1

Ответ:

1) Because we live in a polluted world. People all over the world discuss environmental protection, but they still continue to pollute air, water and soil.

2) Air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution.

Air pollution is caused by different means of transport in big cities. Water pollution is another dangerous kind of pollution. Factories and plants throw wastes into rivers and lakes making them dirty. Soil pollution stops plants from growing and makes people sick when they eat fruit and vegetables grown on polluted soil.

3) No. İ just throw out the trash. İ used to do it like this.

4) I think goverment should do something.

Answer 2

1. The problem of ecology is important today because it directly impacts the well-being and survival of all living beings, including humans. The Earth's ecosystems are fragile and interconnected, and any disturbance or imbalance in the environment can have far-reaching consequences. Environmental degradation, such as pollution, deforestation, and climate change, poses significant threats to biodiversity, natural resources, and human health. By addressing ecological issues, we can safeguard the planet for future generations, maintain a healthy and sustainable environment, and preserve the delicate balance of ecosystems.

2. The types of pollution are air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. Here's a brief description of each:

• Air pollution: It occurs when harmful substances, such as gases, particulate matter, and chemicals, are released into the atmosphere. Sources of air pollution include vehicle emissions, industrial activities, power plants, and burning of fossil fuels. Air pollution leads to respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, and environmental damage like acid rain and ozone depletion.

• Water pollution: It happens when pollutants contaminate water bodies like rivers, lakes, and oceans. Industrial waste, sewage discharge, agricultural runoff, and oil spills contribute to water pollution. Contaminated water poses risks to aquatic life, affects drinking water quality, and can cause diseases in humans who consume polluted water.

• Soil pollution: It occurs when soil is contaminated with chemicals, heavy metals, or hazardous waste. Agricultural practices that involve excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, improper waste disposal, and industrial activities contribute to soil pollution. Contaminated soil affects plant growth, disrupts ecosystems, and can contaminate the food chain.

3. Yes, I advocate for reducing, reusing, and recycling litter. These practices are essential for sustainable waste management and minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Here's why:

• Reduce: By reducing the amount of waste we generate, we can conserve natural resources and reduce pollution. Consuming mindfully, avoiding single-use products, and practicing responsible consumption habits help reduce the overall waste produced.

• Reuse: Reusing items instead of discarding them can significantly reduce waste. By finding creative ways to extend the lifespan of products or donating them for reuse, we reduce the need for new production and decrease waste generation.

• Recycle: Recycling involves processing used materials into new products, reducing the demand for raw materials and energy. Proper recycling helps conserve resources, reduces pollution from manufacturing processes, and decreases the amount of waste ending up in landfills or polluting the environment.

4. To prevent pollution, individuals and communities can take several proactive measures:

• Adopt sustainable practices: Use energy-efficient appliances, opt for renewable energy sources, conserve water, and practice responsible waste management, including recycling and composting.

• Promote green transportation: Encourage walking, cycling, and public transportation instead of relying solely on private vehicles. Support the use of electric vehicles or vehicles with low emissions to reduce air pollution.

• Support environmental regulations: Advocate for and comply with regulations that aim to reduce pollution and protect the environment. Support initiatives that promote cleaner technologies and stricter emissions standards.

• Raise awareness and education: Spread knowledge about the importance of environmental conservation, pollution prevention, and sustainable practices. Educate others on the impact of individual actions and inspire collective efforts to protect the environment.

• Support eco-friendly initiatives: Encourage businesses and industries to adopt environmentally friendly practices. Choose products and services from companies that prioritize sustainability and environmental responsibility.

By implementing these actions at both individual and collective levels, we can make a significant difference in preventing pollution and creating a healthier and more sustainable environment.