Question

Функция спроса имеет вид Д = 30 –5Р, а функция предложения = - 5 + 2Р. Определите цену равновесия. Как изменятся спрос и предложение, если установится цена, равная 10 единицам и 5 единицам?

Answer 1

Д = 30 – 5Р
С = - 5 + 2Р

Для равновесия нам нужно уровнять спрос и предложение:
30 - 5Р = -5 + 2Р
7Р = 35
Р = 5
К = 30 - 5*5 = 30 - 25 = 5
Равновесие: (5;5)

Спрос и предложение изменится от цены не могут, цена на них не влияет, а вот величина спроса и величина предложения могут.

При цене 10:
Д = 30 - 5*10 = 30 - 50 = -20 из этого следует, что при такой цене спроса на это благо уже не будет
С = -5 + 2*10 = 20 - 5 = 15

При цене 5 мы получаем условие равновесия

Answer 2

Function of Demand and Supply

The demand function is given by D = 30 - 5P, and the supply function is given by S = -5 + 2P. To determine the equilibrium price, we need to find the price at which the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied.

To find the equilibrium price, we set the demand function equal to the supply function and solve for P:

30 - 5P = -5 + 2P

Adding 5P to both sides and adding 5 to both sides, we get:

35 = 7P

Dividing both sides by 7, we find:

P = 5

Therefore, the equilibrium price is 5 units.

Changes in Demand and Supply

If the price is set at 10 units, which is higher than the equilibrium price of 5 units, we can expect the following changes in demand and supply:

- Demand: At a price of 10 units, the quantity demanded will decrease. This is because the higher price makes the product less affordable for consumers, leading to a decrease in demand. The exact change in demand can be calculated by substituting the price of 10 units into the demand function D = 30 - 5P.

- Supply: At a price of 10 units, the quantity supplied will increase. This is because the higher price incentivizes suppliers to produce and sell more of the product, leading to an increase in supply. The exact change in supply can be calculated by substituting the price of 10 units into the supply function S = -5 + 2P.

If the price is set at 5 units, which is the equilibrium price, there will be no changes in demand and supply. At the equilibrium price, the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied, resulting in a stable market situation.

Please note that the specific changes in demand and supply can be calculated by substituting the given price into the respective demand and supply functions.