Question

3.1 Функция спроса на товар имеет вид QD = 250 –2P, функция предложения QS = 120 + P, где QD – объем спроса в месяц в штуках, P – цена в рублях, QS – месячный объем предложения. Правительство ввело потоварный налог в размере 5 рублей за единицу продукции, равновесное количество товара после введения налога будет составлять (в штуках).

Answer 1

Решение: 
 До введения налога рыночное равновесие составит:  
Qd = Qs 
250 - 2Р=120+Р
3Р=130
Р=43,3 
250-2*43,3=163,3
Q0=163,3 ед. 
Параметры рыночного равновесия после введения налога: 
Qd = Qs
 250 - 2Р = 120+Р 
Pd - Ps = 5 
Введение потоварного налога на потребителей приведет к росту цены продажи:

Pd= Ps + 5. 

Answer 2

Equilibrium Quantity after Tax Introduction

To determine the equilibrium quantity of a product after the introduction of a tax, we need to analyze the supply and demand functions and their intersection. In this case, we have the following functions:

- Demand function: QD = 250 - 2P, where QD represents the quantity demanded in units per month and P represents the price in rubles. - Supply function: QS = 120 + P, where QS represents the quantity supplied in units per month.

The government has introduced a per-unit tax of 5 rubles on the product. We need to find the equilibrium quantity of the product after the tax is imposed.

Finding Equilibrium Quantity after Tax

To find the equilibrium quantity after the tax is imposed, we need to determine the new supply and demand functions considering the tax.

When a tax is imposed on a product, it affects the supply curve by shifting it vertically upwards by the amount of the tax. In this case, the tax is 5 rubles per unit, so the new supply function becomes:

- New supply function: QS = 120 + (P - 5)

Now, we can find the equilibrium quantity by setting the new supply function equal to the demand function and solving for Q:

250 - 2P = 120 + (P - 5)

Simplifying the equation:

250 - 2P = 120 + P - 5 250 - 120 + 5 = 2P + P 135 = 3P P = 45

Substituting the value of P back into the demand or supply function, we can find the equilibrium quantity:

QD = 250 - 2(45) QD = 250 - 90 QD = 160

Therefore, the equilibrium quantity of the product after the tax is imposed will be 160 units.

Note: The equilibrium price after the tax is imposed is 45 rubles per unit.