Question

What is protocols ? Explain. ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

a formal or official record of scientific experimental observations.

the official procedure or system of rules governing affairs of state or diplomatic occasions

Answer 2

Ответ:

Протоколы - образно говоря, "язык", который используют компьютеры, для обмена/передачи данных при работе в сети.

Протокол передачи данных — определённый набор правил или соглашений интерфейса логического уровня, который определяет обмен данными между различными программами.

Как пример:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP, протокол управления передачей) — один из основных протоколов передачи данных интернета, предназначенный для управления передачей данных интернета.

HTTP — протокол прикладного уровня передачи данных, изначально — в виде гипертекстовых документов в формате HTML, в настоящее время используется для передачи произвольных данных.

Объяснение:

Answer 3

A protocol is a set of rules and conventions that govern how data is transmitted and received between devices or entities in a communication network or system. Protocols are essential for enabling effective and standardized communication between different components of a system, ensuring that data can be exchanged reliably and efficiently.

Here are some key aspects of protocols:

1. Communication Standardization: Protocols define the rules and format for data exchange, ensuring that all parties involved in the communication process understand how to interpret and respond to messages. This standardization is crucial in heterogeneous environments where different types of devices and systems need to communicate.

2. Data Structure: Protocols specify the structure of data packets or messages, including the order and format of data fields within a message. This ensures that data can be correctly parsed and processed by the receiving party.

3. Error Handling: Many protocols include mechanisms for error detection and correction to ensure the integrity of data during transmission. These error-handling techniques help detect and recover from data corruption or loss.

4. Flow Control: Some protocols incorporate flow control mechanisms to manage the rate of data transmission between sender and receiver, preventing one side from overwhelming the other with data.

5. Security: Security protocols, such as SSL/TLS for secure web communication or IPsec for secure network communication, are designed to protect data from unauthorized access, tampering, or interception.

6. Layered Architecture: In many networking environments, protocols are organized into layers, with each layer responsible for a specific aspect of communication. The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and the TCP/IP protocol suite are examples of layered architectures that define various protocols for different layers.

7. Interoperability: Protocols ensure interoperability between different hardware and software systems. As long as devices or software applications adhere to the same protocols, they can communicate effectively, regardless of their underlying technologies or vendors.

8. Examples of Protocols: Some common examples of protocols include HTTP/HTTPS for web communication, TCP/IP for internet communication, SMTP/POP3/IMAP for email, and Bluetooth for wireless device communication.

9. Evolution: Protocols evolve over time to meet changing communication requirements, improve performance, and address security vulnerabilities. New versions of protocols are developed to accommodate advancements in technology and user needs.

10. Industry Standards: Many protocols become industry standards through the efforts of standards organizations like the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) or the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). These standards help ensure widespread adoption and compatibility.

In summary, protocols are the rules and conventions that underpin effective and standardized communication between devices, systems, or entities in various networking and communication contexts. They are fundamental to the functioning of modern communication systems and enable the seamless exchange of data across a wide range of technologies and platforms.