Question

Смесь азота (22,4г) и водорода (58,24дм3) пропустили над катализатором. В результате прореагировало 80% азота. а) Чему равны количества всех газов в смеси после реакции и общее количество смеси? б) Найдите массу образовавшегося аммиака.

Answer 1

Calculation of Gas Quantities and Total Mixture Quantity

To calculate the quantities of gases in the mixture after the reaction and the total quantity of the mixture, we need to consider the reaction stoichiometry and the given information.

Given: - Mass of nitrogen (N2) = 22.4 g - Volume of hydrogen (H2) = 58.24 dm^3 - 80% of nitrogen reacted

To find the quantities of gases after the reaction, we first need to determine the moles of nitrogen and hydrogen present in the initial mixture.

1. Moles of Nitrogen (N2): - The molar mass of nitrogen (N2) is 28 g/mol. - Using the given mass of nitrogen, we can calculate the moles of nitrogen: Moles of N2 = Mass of N2 / Molar mass of N2 = 22.4 g / 28 g/mol = 0.8 mol

2. Moles of Hydrogen (H2): - The molar volume of any gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is 22.4 dm^3/mol. - Using the given volume of hydrogen, we can calculate the moles of hydrogen: Moles of H2 = Volume of H2 / Molar volume at STP = 58.24 dm^3 / 22.4 dm^3/mol = 2.6 mol

Now, let's determine the quantities of gases after the reaction.

a) Quantities of Gases in the Mixture after the Reaction: - Since 80% of nitrogen reacted, only 20% of nitrogen remains unreacted. - The moles of nitrogen remaining after the reaction = 0.8 mol * 0.2 = 0.16 mol - The moles of hydrogen remaining after the reaction = 2.6 mol (no reaction occurred)

b) Total Quantity of the Mixture after the Reaction: - The total moles of gases in the mixture after the reaction = Moles of nitrogen remaining + Moles of hydrogen remaining = 0.16 mol + 2.6 mol = 2.76 mol

Calculation of Mass of Ammonia Formed

To find the mass of ammonia formed, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia (NH3):

N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of nitrogen reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen to form 2 moles of ammonia.

Given that 80% of nitrogen reacted, we can calculate the moles of ammonia formed:

Moles of ammonia formed = (Moles of nitrogen reacted * 2) / 0.8 = (0.8 mol * 2) / 0.8 = 2 mol

To find the mass of ammonia formed, we need to know the molar mass of ammonia (NH3), which is 17 g/mol.

Mass of ammonia formed = Moles of ammonia formed * Molar mass of ammonia = 2 mol * 17 g/mol = 34 g

Therefore, the mass of ammonia formed is 34 grams.

Please let me know if you need any further clarification or assistance!