Question

Определите молекулярную формулу карбоновой кислоты, в состав которой входят 4,35 % водорода, 26,09% углерода и 69,56% кислорода.

Answer 1

муравьиная кислота - HCOOH
общая формула HxCyOz
составляем пропорцию x:y:z=w(H)/A(H):w(C)/A(C):w(O)/A(O)=4,35/1:26,09/12:69,56/16=4.35:2,174:4,35
w-массовые доли
A-атомные массы

делим все части пропорции на минимальное число, в нашем случае 2,174, получаем 2:1:2
таким образом общая формула H2CO2 или выводя отдельно карбоксильную группу получаем H-COOH

Answer 2

x:y:z=w(H)/A(H):w(C)/A(C):w(O)/A(O)=4,35/1:26,09/12:69,56/16

x:y:z= 4.35:2,174:4,35
Все части пропорции делим на  2,174, получается 2:1:2
Общая формула H2CO2 или  H-COOH

Муравьиная кислота - HCOOH

Answer 3

Molecular Formula of the Carbonic Acid

The molecular formula of carbonic acid, which consists of 4.35% hydrogen, 26.09% carbon, and 69.56% oxygen, can be determined by calculating the ratio of the elements in the compound.

To calculate the molecular formula, we need to find the empirical formula first. The empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.

Let's assume we have 100 grams of the compound. This means we have: - 4.35 grams of hydrogen (H) - 26.09 grams of carbon (C) - 69.56 grams of oxygen (O)

Next, we need to convert the grams of each element to moles. We can do this by dividing the mass of each element by its molar mass.

The molar masses of the elements are approximately: - Hydrogen (H): 1 g/mol - Carbon (C): 12 g/mol - Oxygen (O): 16 g/mol

Converting the masses to moles, we get: - Hydrogen (H): 4.35 g / 1 g/mol = 4.35 mol - Carbon (C): 26.09 g / 12 g/mol ≈ 2.17 mol - Oxygen (O): 69.56 g / 16 g/mol ≈ 4.35 mol

Now, we need to find the simplest whole number ratio of the elements. We can do this by dividing the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles.

Dividing the number of moles by 2.17 (the smallest number of moles), we get: - Hydrogen (H): 4.35 mol / 2.17 mol ≈ 2 - Carbon (C): 2.17 mol / 2.17 mol = 1 - Oxygen (O): 4.35 mol / 2.17 mol ≈ 2

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is H2CO2.

To determine the molecular formula, we need to know the molar mass of the compound. Unfortunately, the molar mass is not provided in the given information. Without the molar mass, we cannot determine the molecular formula of the carbonic acid with certainty.

Please note that the molecular formula represents the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound, while the empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio of atoms.