Question

Вычислите массовую долю элемента хлора(в процентах) в его составе HClO3 (3 маленькая). Определите степень окисления Хлора.Приведите примеры соединений Хлора, в которых он имеет другую степень окисления

Answer 1

Степень окисления +5
M(HClO3)=1+35,5+16*3=94,5 г/моль
w(Cl)=35,5/94,5*100%=37,6%
НCl -1
СlO6 +4
Cl2O7 +7

Answer 2

Mass Fraction of Chlorine in HClO3

To calculate the mass fraction of chlorine (Cl) in HClO3, we need to determine the molar mass of chlorine and the molar mass of HClO3.

The molar mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.45 g/mol.

The molar mass of HClO3 can be calculated by adding up the molar masses of hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), and oxygen (O) in the compound. The molar mass of hydrogen is approximately 1.01 g/mol, and the molar mass of oxygen is approximately 16.00 g/mol.

Therefore, the molar mass of HClO3 is: 1.01 g/mol (H) + 35.45 g/mol (Cl) + (16.00 g/mol (O) * 3) = 97.46 g/mol

To calculate the mass fraction of chlorine in HClO3, we divide the molar mass of chlorine by the molar mass of HClO3 and multiply by 100 to express it as a percentage:

(35.45 g/mol / 97.46 g/mol) * 100 = 36.34%

Therefore, the mass fraction of chlorine in HClO3 is approximately 36.34%.

Oxidation State of Chlorine

The oxidation state, or the degree of oxidation, of an element in a compound indicates the number of electrons that the element has gained or lost. In the case of chlorine (Cl), its oxidation state can vary depending on the compound it is present in.

In HClO3, the oxidation state of chlorine can be determined by considering the oxidation states of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) in the compound. Hydrogen typically has an oxidation state of +1, and oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.

Since there is only one hydrogen atom in HClO3, its contribution to the overall oxidation state is +1. The total oxidation state of oxygen in HClO3 is -6 (since there are three oxygen atoms, each with an oxidation state of -2).

To find the oxidation state of chlorine, we can set up an equation:

(+1) + x + (-6) = 0

Simplifying the equation, we have:

x - 5 = 0

Solving for x, we find that the oxidation state of chlorine in HClO3 is +5.

Therefore, the oxidation state of chlorine in HClO3 is +5.

Examples of Chlorine Compounds with Different Oxidation States

Chlorine can form compounds with various oxidation states. Here are a few examples:

1. Chlorine in the compound sodium chloride (NaCl) has an oxidation state of -1 This is a common example of chlorine in its most common oxidation state.

2. Chlorine in the compound chlorine dioxide (ClO2) has an oxidation state of +4 Chlorine dioxide is a yellowish-green gas used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent.

3. Chlorine in the compound perchloric acid (HClO4) has an oxidation state of +7 Perchloric acid is a strong acid used in analytical chemistry and as an oxidizing agent.

These are just a few examples, and chlorine can form compounds with various other oxidation states depending on the specific compound and its chemical environment.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.