Question

В зависимости от вида электрона (s-s, s-p, p-p), участвовавшего в образовании химической связи, какой вид химической связи может образоваться? Нарисуйте схемы образования

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Types of Chemical Bonds Based on Electron Type

When considering the type of chemical bond formed based on the type of electron (s-s, s-p, p-p) involved in the bond formation, different types of chemical bonds can be formed.

- s-s Electron Bond: When two s-type electrons are involved in bond formation, they can form a sigma (σ) bond. This type of bond is formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals. The bond angle for an s-s electron bond is not applicable as s orbitals are spherical and do not have specific directional characteristics.

- s-p Electron Bond: When an s-type electron and a p-type electron are involved in bond formation, they can form a sigma (σ) bond. This type of bond is also formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals. The bond angle for an s-p electron bond is approximately 109.5 degrees in a tetrahedral arrangement, as seen in sp3 hybridization.

- p-p Electron Bond: When two p-type electrons are involved in bond formation, they can form a pi (π) bond. This type of bond is formed by the side-to-side overlap of atomic orbitals. The bond angle for a p-p electron bond is 180 degrees, as seen in the case of double bonds in molecules.

Formation Schemes

- s-s Electron Bond Formation: - Not applicable as s orbitals do not have specific directional characteristics.

- s-p Electron Bond Formation: - In the case of sp3 hybridization, the s and p orbitals combine to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals, which are then used to form sigma bonds with other atoms. This results in a tetrahedral arrangement with a bond angle of approximately 109.5 degrees.

- p-p Electron Bond Formation: - In the case of pi (π) bond formation, two p orbitals overlap sideways to form a pi bond. This type of bond is commonly seen in double bonds in molecules, such as in the case of ethene (C2H4).

These are the general principles governing the types of chemical bonds formed based on the type of electrons involved in bond formation.