Question

Сколько граммов кальция надо растворить в избытке соляной кислоты для того чтобы выделившийся газ занял объем 600 мл при давлении 102 кПа и температуре 22°С? (В ответе укажите целое число граммов)

Answer 1

Са + 2 HCl = CaCl2 + H2
mRT/M=pV
m (Н2)=pVM/RT = 102*100*600*2/1000000*8.314*(22+273)=0.005 г
m (Са)= 0,005*40/2=0,1 г

Answer 2

Calculation of Calcium Grams Dissolved in Excess Hydrochloric Acid

To determine the number of grams of calcium that need to be dissolved in excess hydrochloric acid, we need to consider the ideal gas law and stoichiometry.

The ideal gas law equation is given by:

PV = nRT

Where: - P is the pressure of the gas (in this case, 102 kPa) - V is the volume of the gas (in this case, 600 mL or 0.6 L) - n is the number of moles of the gas - R is the ideal gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K)) - T is the temperature of the gas (in this case, 22°C or 295 K)

We can rearrange the equation to solve for the number of moles of the gas:

n = PV / RT

Since we are dealing with calcium and hydrochloric acid, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

Ca + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of calcium reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas.

To calculate the number of moles of calcium, we need to convert the volume of the gas to moles using the ideal gas law equation:

n = PV / RT = (102 kPa * 0.6 L) / (8.314 J/(mol·K) * 295 K)

Now, we can calculate the number of moles of calcium:

moles of calcium = (n of hydrogen gas) / 2

Finally, we can convert the moles of calcium to grams using the molar mass of calcium (40.08 g/mol):

grams of calcium = (moles of calcium) * (molar mass of calcium)

Let's calculate the grams of calcium:

Using the given values: - P = 102 kPa - V = 600 mL = 0.6 L - T = 22°C = 295 K - R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) - Molar mass of calcium = 40.08 g/mol

Calculating the number of moles of calcium: n = (102 kPa * 0.6 L) / (8.314 J/(mol·K) * 295 K)

Calculating the grams of calcium: grams of calcium = (n of hydrogen gas / 2) * (molar mass of calcium)

Let's perform the calculations: