Question

Определите массу соли, которая образуется при взаимодействии 60 г гидроксида натрия серной кислотой, если выход продукта составляет 90%

Answer 1

Дано:                                                Решение:
m(NaOH)=60 г                  2 NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
η= 90%                          n(NaOH)= 60 : 40= 1,5 моль
m(Na2SO4)-?                 n(Na2SO4)=1,5 : 2 = 0,75 моль
                                        n(Na2SO4)=0,75 * 0,9=0,675 моль (с учётом выхода)
m(Na2SO4)= 0,675 * 142= 95,85 г
M(Na2SO4)=142 г/моль
Ответ: 95,85 г.

Answer 2

Calculation of the Mass of Salt Formed

To determine the mass of salt formed when 60 g of sodium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The balanced equation is as follows:

2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of sodium hydroxide react with 1 mole of sulfuric acid to produce 1 mole of sodium sulfate and 2 moles of water.

To calculate the mass of salt formed, we need to determine the number of moles of sodium hydroxide and then use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the number of moles of sodium sulfate formed. Finally, we can convert the moles of sodium sulfate to grams using its molar mass.

1. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide: - The molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is 22.99 g/mol (sodium) + 16.00 g/mol (oxygen) + 1.01 g/mol (hydrogen) = 39.99 g/mol. - The number of moles of sodium hydroxide is calculated by dividing the given mass by the molar mass: Moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH / Molar mass of NaOH = 60 g / 39.99 g/mol = 1.50 mol

2. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of sodium sulfate formed: - From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of sodium hydroxide react to form 1 mole of sodium sulfate. - Therefore, the number of moles of sodium sulfate formed is half the number of moles of sodium hydroxide: Moles of Na2SO4 = 1.50 mol / 2 = 0.75 mol

3. Convert the moles of sodium sulfate to grams using its molar mass: - The molar mass of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) is 22.99 g/mol (sodium) + 32.07 g/mol (sulfur) + (4 * 16.00 g/mol) (oxygen) = 142.04 g/mol. - The mass of sodium sulfate formed is calculated by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass: Mass of Na2SO4 = Moles of Na2SO4 * Molar mass of Na2SO4 = 0.75 mol * 142.04 g/mol = 106.53 g

Therefore, the mass of salt formed when 60 g of sodium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid is approximately 106.53 grams.