Question

Такую же степень окисления, как и в P2O5, фосфор имеет в соединении 1) PH3 2) H3PO4 3) Ca3P2 4) PH4Cl объясните почему!!!!

Answer 1

Прошу прощения за небрежность

Answer 2

1) PH3: In the compound PH3 (phosphine), phosphorus has a -3 oxidation state. This can be determined by looking at the electronegativity difference between phosphorus and hydrogen. Hydrogen has an electronegativity of approximately 2.2, while phosphorus has an electronegativity of approximately 2.19. Since the electronegativity difference is negligible, the oxidation state of phosphorus in PH3 is determined by the number of hydrogen atoms it is bonded to. In this case, phosphorus is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, each with an oxidation state of +1. Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in PH3 is -3 [[1]].

2) H3PO4: In the compound H3PO4 (phosphoric acid), phosphorus has a +5 oxidation state. This can be determined by looking at the electronegativity difference between phosphorus and hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen has an electronegativity of approximately 2.2, while oxygen has an electronegativity of approximately 3.44. Since the electronegativity difference between phosphorus and hydrogen is negligible, the oxidation state of phosphorus is determined by the number of oxygen atoms it is bonded to. In this case, phosphorus is bonded to four oxygen atoms, each with an oxidation state of -2. Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in H3PO4 is +5 [[2]].

3) Ca3P2: In the compound Ca3P2 (calcium phosphide), phosphorus has a -3 oxidation state. This can be determined by looking at the charge of the calcium ion and the overall charge of the compound. Calcium has a charge of +2, and since there are three calcium ions in the compound, the total charge contributed by calcium is +6. Since the compound is neutral, the total charge contributed by phosphorus must be -6. Since there are two phosphorus atoms in the compound, each phosphorus atom must have an oxidation state of -3 [[3]].

4) PH4Cl: In the compound PH4Cl (tetraphosphonium chloride), phosphorus has a +1 oxidation state. This can be determined by looking at the electronegativity difference between phosphorus and hydrogen. Hydrogen has an electronegativity of approximately 2.2, while chlorine has an electronegativity of approximately 3.16. Since the electronegativity difference between phosphorus and hydrogen is negligible, the oxidation state of phosphorus is determined by the number of chlorine atoms it is bonded to. In this case, phosphorus is bonded to one chlorine atom, which has an oxidation state of -1. Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in PH4Cl is +1 [[4]].

In summary: - PH3: Phosphorus has a -3 oxidation state. - H3PO4: Phosphorus has a +5 oxidation state. - Ca3P2: Phosphorus has a -3 oxidation state. - PH4Cl: Phosphorus has a +1 oxidation state.

Please let me know if you need any further clarification!