Question

Обьясните пожалуйста Как онивычислилибелок??)Фрагментпервой цепиДНКимеет такуюнуклеотиднуюпоследовательность:ТАЦАГАТГГАГТЦГЦ.Определите последовательностьмономеровбелка,закодированногофрагментомвторой цепиДНК.РешениеДНК:-ТАЦ-АГА-ТГГ-АГТ -ЦГЦ--АТГ-ТЦТ-АЦЦ-ТЦА -ГЦГ-иРНК: -УАЦ-АГА-УГГ -АГУ -ЦГЦ-Белок:- тир-арг-трип- сэр-арг-Ответ.Последовательностьмономеровбелка:тирозин -аргинин -триптофан -серин- аргинин?

Answer 1

Таблицы эти есть как по ДНК..так и по иРНК

Answer 2

Последовательность делится на триплеты то есть по 3, каждому триплету соответствует свой белок. Для этого существуют специальные таблицы.

Answer 3

How is protein determined?

Proteins are determined through a process called translation, which occurs in the ribosomes of cells. During translation, the genetic information stored in DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the instructions for building proteins. The mRNA is then translated into a sequence of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

To determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein, we need to know the corresponding sequence of nucleotides in the DNA or mRNA. The genetic code is a set of rules that determines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA or mRNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids in a protein.

Determining the protein sequence from a DNA fragment

In the given example, we have a DNA fragment with the nucleotide sequence: ТАЦАГАТГГАГТЦГЦ. To determine the sequence of amino acids encoded by this DNA fragment, we need to identify the corresponding mRNA sequence and then translate it into amino acids.

1. Transcription: The DNA sequence is transcribed into mRNA. During transcription, the DNA strand is used as a template to synthesize a complementary mRNA strand. In RNA, the nucleotide thymine (T) is replaced by uracil (U). Therefore, the mRNA sequence corresponding to the given DNA fragment is: АТГТСТАССТСАСА.

2. Translation: The mRNA sequence is translated into a sequence of amino acids. The genetic code is read in groups of three nucleotides called codons. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal. Using the genetic code, we can determine the sequence of amino acids encoded by the mRNA.

- The codon АТГ codes for the amino acid methionine (Met). - The codon ТСТ codes for the amino acid serine (Ser). - The codon СТС codes for the amino acid leucine (Leu). - The codon АСА codes for the amino acid threonine (Thr). - The codon СТС codes for the amino acid leucine (Leu). - The codon АСА codes for the amino acid threonine (Thr).

Therefore, the sequence of amino acids encoded by the given DNA fragment is: Met-Ser-Leu-Thr-Leu-Thr.

Conclusion

The sequence of monomers (amino acids) in a protein is determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA or mRNA. By using the genetic code, we can translate the nucleotide sequence into the corresponding amino acid sequence. In the given example, the DNA fragment ТАЦАГАТГГАГТЦГЦ encodes the protein sequence Met-Ser-Leu-Thr-Leu-Thr.