Question

Каково биологическое значение плаценты?

Answer 1

ПЛАЦЕНТА (от лат. placenta — пленка) — у животных — это орган, связующий зародыш с телом матери в период внутриутробного развития. Через плаценту осуществляется избирательное поступление веществ (в том числе газообмен) из материнского организма и выделение продуктов распада. У растений плацента — это место прикрепления семяпочки в завязи.

Answer 2

Она осушествляет связь между зародышем и матерью .з.

Answer 3

The Biological Significance of the Placenta

The placenta is a vital organ that develops during pregnancy and plays a crucial role in supporting the growth and development of the fetus. It is formed from both maternal and fetal tissues and serves as a connection between the mother and the developing baby. The placenta performs several important functions that are essential for the well-being of both the mother and the fetus.

1. Nutrient and Oxygen Exchange: One of the primary functions of the placenta is to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the mother and the fetus. Through the placenta, the mother's blood delivers oxygen and essential nutrients to the fetus, while waste products and carbon dioxide are removed from the fetal blood and transferred to the mother's bloodstream for elimination.

2. Hormone Production: The placenta also plays a crucial role in hormone production during pregnancy. It produces hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and estrogen, which are essential for maintaining pregnancy, regulating fetal development, and preparing the mother's body for childbirth.

3. Immune Protection: The placenta acts as a barrier, protecting the developing fetus from harmful substances and pathogens. It filters out certain toxins and prevents them from reaching the fetus, while allowing beneficial substances to pass through.

4. Waste Elimination: In addition to nutrient and gas exchange, the placenta also helps eliminate waste products from the fetus. It filters out waste materials, such as urea and uric acid, and transfers them to the mother's bloodstream for excretion.

5. Antibody Transfer: The placenta plays a crucial role in transferring maternal antibodies to the fetus, providing passive immunity during the early stages of life. These antibodies help protect the newborn from certain infections until their own immune system becomes fully functional.

6. Endocrine Function: Apart from hormone production, the placenta also acts as an endocrine organ by producing other substances, such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which plays a role in regulating fetal development and preparing the mother's body for labor.

In summary, the placenta is a remarkable organ that performs multiple functions essential for the growth, development, and protection of the fetus during pregnancy. It facilitates nutrient and gas exchange, produces hormones, provides immune protection, eliminates waste products, transfers maternal antibodies, and acts as an endocrine organ. These functions are crucial for the well-being of both the mother and the developing baby.

Please let me know if there's anything else I can help you with!