Question

Строение и функции цитоплазмы

Answer 1

Полувязкая внутренняя среда клетки- это цитоплазма. Она постоянно движется, перетекает внутри живой клетки, перемещая вместе с собой различные вещества, включения и органоиды. В ней проходят все процессы обмена веществ. В состав цитоплазмы входят все виды органических и неорганических веществ. В ней присутствуют также нерастворимые отходы обменных процессов и запасные питательные вещества. Цитоплазма способна к росту и воспроизведению, при частичном удалении может восстановиться. Однако нормально функционирует цитоплазма только в присутствии ядра. Без него долго существовать цитоплазма не может, так же как и ядро без цитоплазмы.

Answer 2

Structure and Functions of the Cytoplasm

The cytoplasm is a semi-fluid substance found inside the cell. It is composed of various components and organelles that perform essential functions for the cell's survival and growth.

Structure of Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is composed of various structures, including the cytosol, organelles, and cytoplasmic inclusions. The cytosol is the liquid component of the cytoplasm, while organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and ribosomes are suspended within the cytosol. Cytoplasmic inclusions are insoluble particles suspended in the cytosol, such as glycogen granules, lipid droplets, and pigment granules.

Functions of Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm plays crucial roles in the overall functioning of the cell. Some of its key functions include:

1. Supporting Cell Structures: The cytoplasm provides a medium for the organelles to be suspended and maintain their relative positions within the cell. 2. Cellular Metabolism: Many metabolic reactions occur within the cytoplasm, including glycolysis, the first stage of cellular respiration, and the synthesis of proteins and lipids. 3. Transport of Molecules: The cytoplasm facilitates the movement of molecules within the cell, allowing for the transport of nutrients, ions, and other essential substances. 4. Storage: It serves as a storage site for various substances, including nutrients, ions, and waste products. 5. Cellular Communication: The cytoplasm is involved in intracellular signaling and communication, allowing the cell to respond to external stimuli and regulate its internal environment.

In summary, the cytoplasm is a dynamic and essential component of the cell, providing structural support, facilitating metabolic processes, and enabling communication and transport within the cell.