Question

Что значит днк ??????????

Answer 1

дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота

Answer 2

Прокариоты - это организмы, не имеющие оформленного ядра, то есть безъядерные. Наследственная информация заключена у них в нуклеотидах. ДНК - дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота - имеет форму кольца. Клетка не имеет центра и митотических нитей. Размножается делением на двое. В клетках нет пластин и митохондрий. Клеточная стенка состоит из вещества, называемого муреином. 

Answer 3

DNA: An Overview

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. DNA is often referred to as the "building block of life" because it contains the information necessary for the formation and functioning of an organism.

Structure of DNA

DNA has a double-helix structure, which means it consists of two strands that are twisted around each other. Each strand is made up of a long chain of nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three components: a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases: A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G.

Function of DNA

The primary function of DNA is to store and transmit genetic information. It contains the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. DNA carries the genetic code that determines an organism's traits, such as eye color, height, and susceptibility to certain diseases. It also plays a crucial role in the process of protein synthesis, where the information encoded in DNA is used to produce proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells.

Discovery of DNA

The discovery of DNA is credited to Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss biochemist, who first isolated a substance from the nuclei of white blood cells in 1869. He called this substance "nuclein," which was later renamed DNA. However, it was not until the mid-20th century that the structure and function of DNA were fully understood. James Watson and Francis Crick, along with Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, made significant contributions to elucidating the double-helix structure of DNA, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962.

Applications of DNA

DNA has numerous applications in various fields, including medicine, forensics, agriculture, and biotechnology. In medicine, DNA analysis is used for genetic testing, diagnosing genetic disorders, and developing personalized treatments. In forensics