Question

Известно, что жизнь зародилась в воде и первые растения появились именно там. Каковы возможные причины перехода растений к наземному образу жизни.

Answer 1

Засуха, животные стали распространителями растений (типо, переносили их семена, что воздействовало на их распространение и на суши)

Answer 2

Possible Reasons for Plants Transitioning to Terrestrial Life

The transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial life is a complex process influenced by several factors. Some possible reasons for this transition include:

Access to Light and CO2: Plants transitioned to terrestrial life to gain better access to light and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. On land, they could capture more sunlight and absorb higher concentrations of CO2, which are essential for their growth and development.

Nutrient Availability: Moving to land provided plants with access to a wider variety of nutrients. While water contains essential minerals, the soil on land offered a more diverse range of nutrients necessary for plant growth.

Reduced Competition: Transitioning to land may have allowed plants to reduce competition for resources. In aquatic environments, competition for light, nutrients, and space is high due to the density of plant life. Moving to land could have provided plants with more opportunities for growth and expansion.

Adaptation to Drier Conditions: The move to land may have been driven by the need to adapt to drier conditions. Developing structures to retain water and protect against desiccation became essential for survival in terrestrial environments.

Evolutionary Advantage: Transitioning to land may have provided plants with an evolutionary advantage, allowing them to diversify and occupy new ecological niches. This expansion of habitats could have led to the evolution of a wide variety of plant species.

Protection from Predators: Moving to land may have offered plants protection from certain aquatic predators, allowing them to thrive in a safer environment.

Development of Reproductive Strategies: Transitioning to land allowed plants to develop new reproductive strategies, such as the production of seeds, which provided them with a survival advantage in terrestrial environments.

Enhanced Dispersal: The move to land may have facilitated enhanced dispersal of seeds and spores, contributing to the spread and diversification of plant species.

Adaptation to Changing Environmental Conditions: Transitioning to land allowed plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions, such as temperature fluctuations and varying light exposure, which are more pronounced in terrestrial habitats.

Evolution of Structural Support: The transition to land led to the evolution of structural support systems, such as roots and vascular tissues, which enabled plants to anchor themselves in soil and transport water and nutrients more efficiently.

Protection from Algae Competition: Transitioning to land may have provided plants with a competitive advantage over algae, as they could avoid direct competition for resources in aquatic environments.

Development of Symbiotic Relationships: Moving to land may have facilitated the development of symbiotic relationships with soil microorganisms, which contributed to the overall success of plants in terrestrial environments.

These factors collectively influenced the transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial life, leading to the diverse array of plant species that exist today.