Question

Перечислите черты сходства и отличия грибов от других организмов. кратко.

Answer 1

Сходства растений и грибов следующие:

- неограниченный рост;
- размножение спорами;
- наличие клеточной стенки и вакуолей;
- прикрепленный образ жизни;
- абсорбтивный способ питания и др.

Основные отличия грибов от растений следующие (они же роднят грибы с животными):

- гетеротрофное питание;
- запасное питательное вещество – гликоген;
- наличие хитина в клеточной стенке;
- продукт метаболизма – мочевина;
- отсутствие пластид и др.

Answer 2

Similarities and Differences between Fungi and Other Organisms

Fungi are a distinct group of organisms that share some similarities with other organisms but also have several distinguishing characteristics. Here are some key points regarding the similarities and differences between fungi and other organisms:

Similarities: 1. Cellular Structure: Fungi, like other organisms, are composed of cells. However, their cell walls are made of chitin, which is different from the cell walls of plants and bacteria. 2. Eukaryotic Nature: Fungi, along with plants, animals, and protists, are eukaryotes. This means that their cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. 3. Metabolism: Fungi, like other organisms, obtain energy through various metabolic processes. They can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic, depending on the species. Some fungi are capable of photosynthesis, while others obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter or forming symbiotic relationships with other organisms.

Differences: 1. Nutrition: Unlike plants, fungi are heterotrophic organisms that cannot perform photosynthesis. They obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their surroundings. Fungi are known for their ability to decompose dead organic material and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem. 2. Cell Wall Composition: Fungi have cell walls made of chitin, which is a complex carbohydrate. In contrast, plants have cell walls composed of cellulose, while bacteria have cell walls made of peptidoglycan. 3. Reproduction: Fungi reproduce through the production of spores, which can be sexual or asexual. This is different from plants and animals, which have more diverse reproductive strategies such as seed production, pollination, and live birth. 4. Body Structure: Fungi have a unique body structure called mycelium, which consists of thread-like structures called hyphae. The mycelium can grow and spread through the substrate, allowing fungi to colonize and extract nutrients from a larger area. In contrast, plants have roots, stems, and leaves, while animals have complex organ systems.

These are just a few examples of the similarities and differences between fungi and other organisms. It's important to note that the world of fungi is incredibly diverse, with over 100,000 known species, each with its own unique characteristics and adaptations