Question

Які закономірності успадкування ознак вам відомі​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. Класичні методи генетичних досліджень

2. Моногібридне схрещування. Перший і другий закони Менделя

3. Незалежне успадкування ознак. Дигібридне схрещування

4. Взаємодія генів

5. Хромосомна теорія спадковості. Зчеплене успадкування

6. Генетика статі й успадкування, зчеплене зі статтю

Объяснение:

............................. ......

Answer 2

Inheritance of Traits

The inheritance of traits refers to the passing down of characteristics from parents to offspring. These traits can include physical features, such as eye color or height, as well as genetic predispositions to certain diseases or behaviors. The study of inheritance is known as genetics.

There are several patterns of inheritance that are well-known:

1. Dominant-Recessive Inheritance: In this pattern, traits are determined by dominant and recessive alleles. Dominant alleles are expressed when present, while recessive alleles are only expressed when two copies are present. For example, if a person inherits one dominant allele for brown eyes and one recessive allele for blue eyes, they will have brown eyes because the dominant allele is expressed.

2. Codominance: Codominance occurs when both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype. An example of codominance is the ABO blood group system, where individuals can have type A, type B, or type AB blood depending on the combination of alleles inherited.

3. Incomplete Dominance: In incomplete dominance, neither allele is completely dominant over the other, resulting in a blending of traits. For example, in snapdragons, a red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces offspring with pink flowers, as the red and white alleles blend together.

4. Sex-Linked Inheritance: Some traits are carried on the sex chromosomes (X and Y). Sex-linked traits are more commonly associated with the X chromosome because it is larger and carries more genes. Examples of sex-linked traits include color blindness and hemophilia, which are more common in males because they only have one X chromosome.

5. Polygenic Inheritance: Polygenic inheritance occurs when a trait is influenced by multiple genes. These traits often show a wide range of variation, such as height or skin color. Each gene contributes a small effect to the overall phenotype, and the combined effects of multiple genes determine the trait.

It's important to note that these patterns of inheritance are generalizations, and there can be exceptions and variations depending on the specific genes involved. Additionally, environmental factors can also influence the expression of traits.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.