Question

Наблюдения за поведением паука показывают, что он выскакивает из своего укрытия, если в паутине находится муха средней величины; если попадется маленькая мушка, паук не обращает на нее внимания. Объясните, как паук узнает о величине своей жертвы.

Answer 1

насколько я помню паук узнает по колебаниям паутины. Если жертва большая, она барахтается и раскачивает паутину так, что паук сразу прибегает. А если маленькая мушка, то она не сильно барахтается и паук не обращает на это внимания. или по сигнальной нити.

Answer 2

How Spiders Detect the Size of Their Prey

Observations of spider behavior have shown that they tend to emerge from their hiding places when there is a medium-sized fly caught in their web, but they ignore smaller flies. This raises the question of how spiders are able to determine the size of their prey.

While there is no definitive answer to this question, scientists have proposed several possible explanations based on their research and observations. Here are a few theories:

1. Vibrations: Spiders are highly sensitive to vibrations, and they use this sense to detect the presence of prey in their webs. When a fly gets caught in the web, it struggles and creates vibrations that the spider can sense. It is possible that the size of the vibrations produced by the struggling prey provides the spider with information about the size of the prey.

2. Chemical cues: Spiders also rely on chemical cues to detect and identify their prey. Flies and other insects emit various chemical compounds, such as pheromones, that spiders can detect. It is possible that the concentration or composition of these chemical cues differs between small and medium-sized flies, allowing the spider to distinguish between them.

3. Visual cues: Some spiders have well-developed vision and can use visual cues to assess the size of their prey. They may rely on the relative size of the prey's silhouette or other visual characteristics to determine whether it is worth emerging from their hiding place.

It is important to note that these theories are not mutually exclusive, and spiders may use a combination of these mechanisms to assess the size of their prey. Further research is needed to fully understand how spiders are able to make these distinctions.

In conclusion, while the exact mechanism by which spiders detect the size of their prey is not yet fully understood, scientists have proposed several theories, including the use of vibrations, chemical cues, and visual cues. These mechanisms may work individually or in combination to allow spiders to determine whether it is worth emerging from their hiding place to capture their prey.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.