Question

Какие из представленных утверждений, являются верными 1 Аппарат принуждения является неотъемлемой частью системы государства 2право является единственным эффективным механизмом регуляций общества 3по своему политическому устройству Россия является ассиметричной федерацией 4одним из источников права ялвляется судебный прецедент 5в рамках уголовного производства отсутствие доказательств невиновности является достаточным для вынесения обвинительного приговора 6в число конституционных социальных прав гражданина России входит право на отдых 7товары первой необходимости характеризуются низкой эластичностью спроса по цене 8средневековые представления о том, что земля стоит на трёх китах, является примером относительной истины 9состояние невменяемости служит основанием для освобождения лица от юридической ответственности 10совершенолетие с социологической точки зрения является достигаемым статусом

Answer 1

1. Аппарат принуждения является неотъемлемой частью системы государства.

This statement is true. The apparatus of coercion refers to the institutions and mechanisms that a state uses to enforce its laws and maintain social order. It includes the police, judiciary, and other law enforcement agencies. These institutions are essential for the functioning of a state and ensuring compliance with its laws and regulations.

2. Право является единственным эффективным механизмом регуляции общества.

This statement is not entirely accurate. While law is an important mechanism for regulating society, it is not the only effective mechanism. Other social institutions, such as education, culture, and social norms, also play a significant role in regulating behavior and maintaining social order. Additionally, informal mechanisms like peer pressure and social sanctions can also influence individual behavior. Therefore, it would be incorrect to claim that law is the sole effective mechanism for regulating society.

3. По своему политическому устройству Россия является ассиметричной федерацией.

This statement is true. Russia is considered an asymmetric federation because it grants different levels of autonomy to its constituent entities. Some regions, such as Chechnya and Tatarstan, have more extensive powers and enjoy greater autonomy compared to other regions. This asymmetry in political organization allows for the accommodation of diverse regional interests within the Russian Federation.

4. Одним из источников права является судебный прецедент.

This statement is not entirely accurate. The concept of judicial precedent, where courts rely on previous decisions to guide their rulings, is more prevalent in common law systems. In civil law systems, such as the legal system in Russia, judicial precedent is not considered a formal source of law. Instead, civil law systems rely primarily on legislation, codes, and statutes as the main sources of law. However, it is worth noting that some civil law systems, including Russia, may consider judicial decisions as persuasive or informative in interpreting and applying the law.

5. В рамках уголовного производства отсутствие доказательств невиновности является достаточным для вынесения обвинительного приговора.

This statement is not accurate. In criminal proceedings, the principle of "presumption of innocence" is generally recognized, which means that a person is considered innocent until proven guilty. The burden of proof lies with the prosecution, and it is their responsibility to present sufficient evidence to establish the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt. The absence of evidence of innocence is not sufficient grounds for a guilty verdict. The accused must be proven guilty based on the evidence presented in court.

6. В число конституционных социальных прав гражданина России входит право на отдых.

This statement is true. The Constitution of the Russian Federation recognizes the right to rest and leisure as one of the social rights of citizens. Article 39 of the Russian Constitution states that everyone has the right to rest and leisure, as well as to reasonable working hours, paid holidays, and the provision of conditions for rest and recreation.

7. Товары первой необходимости характеризуются низкой эластичностью спроса по цене.

This statement is generally true. Goods of primary necessity, such as food, water, and basic household items, tend to have a relatively low price elasticity of demand. This means that changes in their prices have a relatively small impact on the quantity demanded by consumers. These goods are considered essential for daily living, and consumers are less likely to reduce their consumption significantly even if prices increase. However, it is important to note that the price elasticity of demand can vary depending on specific circumstances and market conditions.

8. Средневековые представления о том, что земля стоит на трёх китах, являются примером относительной истины.

This statement is not accurate. The medieval belief that the Earth rests on three whales or elephants is not an example of relative truth. It is an example of a myth or a misconception that was prevalent during that time. Relative truth refers to the idea that truth can vary depending on different perspectives or contexts. However, the belief in the Earth resting on three whales or elephants is not considered a valid or accurate understanding of the natural world.

9. Состояние невменяемости служит основанием для освобождения лица от юридической ответственности.

This statement is generally true. In legal systems, the concept of insanity or mental incapacity can serve as a defense in criminal cases. If a person is deemed to be legally insane or mentally incapacitated at the time of committing a crime, they may be found not guilty by reason of insanity or may be exempted from legal responsibility. However, it is important to note that the specific criteria and procedures for determining insanity and its legal implications may vary across different jurisdictions.

10. Совершенолетие с социологической точки зрения является достигаемым статусом.

This statement is not accurate. The concept of adulthood or reaching the age of majority is primarily a legal and social construct rather than a sociological perspective. The age at which a person is considered an adult varies across different countries and legal systems. It is typically defined by law and is associated with certain rights, responsibilities, and privileges. Sociologically, the concept of adulthood can be more complex and may involve factors such as social roles, psychological development, and cultural norms, in addition to legal definitions.