Question

Механизм формирования российской федерации

Answer 1

На протяжении всего времени становления и развития демократического государства с рыночной экономикой в Российской Федерации были приняты и использованы самые разнообразные модели и программы, направленные на повышение качества жизни населения, укрепление национальной валюты, развитие предпринимательства. Но в независимости от того, какой именно была та или иная концепция развития - от экстенсивной до инновационной - опиралась она неизменно на одно, а именно, на средства её исполнения. Такие средства по определению заключены в бюджете государства, что делает его универсальным, долгосрочным и самым надежным инструментом планирования и оценки. Таким образом, многогранность функций и задач бюджетной системы делает её привлекательным объектом для анализа и изучения - данная позиция определяет актуальность дипломной работы.

Answer 2

Mechanism of Formation of the Russian Federation

The Russian Federation, commonly known as Russia, is a federal state located in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world by land area. The mechanism of formation of the Russian Federation can be traced back to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

1. Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Soviet Union, which was a socialist state, existed from 1922 to 1991. However, due to various political, economic, and social factors, the Soviet Union began to face significant challenges in the late 1980s. These challenges eventually led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

2. Emergence of the Russian Federation: Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation emerged as an independent state on December 25, 1991. The formation of the Russian Federation was a result of a series of political and legal processes.

3. Adoption of the Russian Constitution: One of the key steps in the formation of the Russian Federation was the adoption of a new constitution. The Constitution of the Russian Federation was adopted on December 12, 1993. It established Russia as a democratic federal state with a presidential system of government.

4. Federal Structure: The Russian Federation is a federal state composed of 85 federal subjects, including 22 republics, 9 krais (territories), 46 oblasts (regions), 3 federal cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Sevastopol), 1 autonomous oblast, and 4 autonomous okrugs. These federal subjects have varying degrees of autonomy and are represented in the Federation Council, the upper house of the Russian parliament.

5. Division of Powers: The Russian Federation follows a system of division of powers between the federal government and the regional authorities. The federal government is responsible for matters such as defense, foreign policy, and monetary policy, while the regional authorities have jurisdiction over areas such as education, healthcare, and local governance.

6. Presidential System: The Russian Federation operates under a presidential system of government. The President of Russia is the head of state and is elected by popular vote for a six-year term. The President has significant powers and is responsible for the overall governance of the country.

7. Evolution of the Russian Federation: Since its formation, the Russian Federation has undergone various political, economic, and social changes. These changes have shaped the country's development and its position in the international community.

In conclusion, the Russian Federation was formed as an independent state following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The adoption of the Russian Constitution and the establishment of a federal structure with a division of powers between the federal government and regional authorities were key steps in the formation of the Russian Federation. The country operates under a presidential system of government, with the President of Russia as the head of state.