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Турки - османы проникают в бухту "Золотой Рог" и осаждают город. На рассвете 29 мая 1453 года турки бросились в решающий штурм.
Император Константин XI бросился в неравный бой и погиб, его тело нашли под горой трупов, а Султан Мехмед попросил с почестями похоронить доблестного императора.
Вскоре, турки - османы ворвались на конях в храм Святой Софии, пораженный красотой храма, Мехмед II произнес молитву Аллаху и приказал заменить христианский крест на исламский полумесяц. Отныне храм стал называться Айя Софи - главной святыней Стамбула, столицы Османской империи. Подошедший католический флот уже никому не мог помочь, "Второго Рима" больше не было.






The Establishment of Islam: The Life of Prophet Muhammad
One of the most significant historical events associated with the establishment of Islam is the life of Prophet Muhammad. Muhammad was born in Mecca, in present-day Saudi Arabia, in the year 570 CE. He grew up to become a respected merchant and a spiritual seeker. At the age of 40, Muhammad received the first revelation from God through the angel Gabriel, marking the beginning of his prophethood.
The Revelation and the Quran: The revelations continued over a period of 23 years and were compiled into the holy book of Islam, the Quran. The Quran is considered the word of God and serves as the primary source of guidance for Muslims. It covers various aspects of life, including theology, morality, social justice, and personal conduct.
The Message of Islam: Muhammad's message centered around the belief in one God, known as Allah, and the importance of submitting to His will. He preached monotheism, emphasizing the unity and oneness of God. Muhammad also called for social justice, compassion, and the eradication of social evils prevalent in the society of that time, such as idol worship, tribalism, and economic exploitation.
The Hijra: As Muhammad's message gained followers, he faced opposition from the ruling elite in Mecca. In 622 CE, Muhammad and his followers migrated to the city of Medina, a journey known as the Hijra. This event marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. In Medina, Muhammad established a cohesive community based on the principles of justice, equality, and cooperation.
The Expansion of Islam: Over the next decade, Muhammad and his followers successfully spread Islam throughout the Arabian Peninsula. They engaged in defensive battles against hostile tribes and eventually conquered Mecca in 630 CE. Muhammad's leadership and the establishment of Islamic principles laid the foundation for the growth and expansion of Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula.
Legacy of Prophet Muhammad: Prophet Muhammad's teachings and example continue to shape the lives of Muslims around the world. His emphasis on justice, compassion, and the pursuit of knowledge has had a profound impact on various fields, including law, ethics, literature, and science. Muhammad's life serves as a model for Muslims, guiding them in their personal and communal lives.


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