Question

Что такое электрический ток, что является носителями электрического тока в металлах. Какими параметрами характеризуется электрический ток

Answer 1

Электрический ток — направленное (упорядоченное) движение частиц  — носителей электрического заряда. Такими носителями могут являться: в металлах — электроны, в электролитах — ионы (катионы и анионы). Параметрами электрического тока могут быть: заряд, сила тока, напряжение.

Если Вам понравилось моё решение, выберите мой ответ как лучший.

Answer 2

#### What is an electric current? An electric current refers to the flow of electric charge through a conductor. It is the movement of electrons or charged particles in a specific direction. When there is a potential difference (voltage) applied across a conductor, it creates an electric field that causes the charged particles to move. This movement of charged particles constitutes an electric current. #### What are the carriers of electric current in metals? In metals, the carriers of electric current are primarily **electrons**. Metals have a unique atomic structure that allows their outermost electrons to move freely within the material. These free electrons are not bound to any specific atom and can move easily in response to an electric field. When a potential difference is applied across a metal conductor, these free electrons start to flow, creating an electric current. #### What parameters characterize an electric current? An electric current can be characterized by several parameters, including: 1. **Magnitude**: The magnitude of an electric current refers to the amount of charge flowing through a conductor per unit time. It is measured in amperes (A). 2. **Direction**: The direction of an electric current is defined as the direction of the flow of positive charge. Conventionally, the direction of current flow is considered opposite to the movement of electrons. 3. **Voltage**: Voltage, also known as electric potential difference, is the driving force that causes the electric current to flow. It is measured in volts (V) and represents the energy per unit charge required to move the charged particles. 4. **Resistance**: Resistance is a measure of how much a material opposes the flow of electric current. It is measured in ohms (Ω) and depends on factors such as the material's conductivity, length, cross-sectional area, and temperature. 5. **Power**: Power is the rate at which electrical energy is transferred or consumed. It is calculated as the product of voltage and current and is measured in watts (W). These parameters collectively describe the behavior and characteristics of an electric current.