Question

Участники Первого,Третьего,Четвертого Крестового Похода.

Answer 1

1) 1096- 1099
Весной - поход бедноты, осенью - поход феодалов
Цель - освободить Святую Землю, обогощение
Результат - поход бедноты - поражение в первом бою
                 поход феодалов - основали : Эдессу, княжество Антиохия, графство Триполи, королевство Иерусалимское

2) 1147 - 1149
Возглавляли рыцарей короли Франции и Германии
Цель - угроза новым государствам от мусульман
Результат - поход закончился полным крахом

3) 1189 - 1192
Немецкие (император Фридрих 1 Барбаросса), английские (Ричард Львиное Сердце), французские (Филипп 2 Август) рыцари
Цель - вернуть Иерусалим
Результат - захват острова Кипр, порт Акру стал столицей королевства Иерусалим

4) 1202 - 1204
рыцари, организовал Папа Иннокентий 3
Цель - поход на Святую землю, но участники дошли только до Византии
Результат - захват Константинополя, разграблен храм Святой Софии, создали на территории Византии Латинскую Империя (пала в 1261 году)

Answer 2

Participants of the First Crusade

The First Crusade took place from 1095 to 1099 and involved various participants. Here are some of the key participants:

1. Pope Urban II: Pope Urban II played a significant role in initiating the First Crusade. In 1095, he called for a holy war to reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control.

2. European Nobles: Many European nobles and knights participated in the First Crusade. Some notable participants include Godfrey of Bouillon, Raymond IV of Toulouse, Bohemond of Taranto, and Robert II of Flanders.

3. Peasants and Commoners: The First Crusade also attracted a large number of peasants and commoners who were inspired by the religious fervor and the opportunity for adventure and wealth.

4. Byzantine Empire: The Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos played a crucial role in the First Crusade. He requested military assistance from the West to help defend against the Seljuk Turks and regain lost territories.

Participants of the Third Crusade

The Third Crusade took place from 1189 to 1192 and involved several prominent figures. Here are some of the key participants:

1. Richard the Lionheart: King Richard I of England, also known as Richard the Lionheart, was one of the primary leaders of the Third Crusade. He played a significant role in the military campaigns and negotiations with Saladin, the Muslim leader.

2. Philip II Augustus: Philip II Augustus, the King of France, was another important participant in the Third Crusade. He joined forces with Richard the Lionheart to fight against Saladin and recapture the Holy Land.

3. Frederick I Barbarossa: Frederick I Barbarossa, the Holy Roman Emperor, also participated in the Third Crusade. However, he died during the campaign in 1190.

Participants of the Fourth Crusade

The Fourth Crusade, which took place from 1202 to 1204, had a complex and controversial history. Here are some of the key participants:

1. Pope Innocent III: Pope Innocent III played a significant role in initiating the Fourth Crusade. He called for a crusade to retake Jerusalem from Muslim control, but the crusade took a different turn and ended up attacking and sacking Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.

2. Venetian Republic: The Venetian Republic, led by Doge Enrico Dandolo, played a crucial role in the Fourth Crusade. The Venetians provided ships and logistical support for the crusaders, but their own interests led to the diversion of the crusade to Constantinople.

3. Crusader Armies: The Fourth Crusade involved various crusader armies from different regions of Europe, including knights from France, Flanders, and Italy. These armies were initially intended to assist the Byzantine Empire but ended up attacking Constantinople.

4. Byzantine Empire: The Byzantine Empire, under the rule of Alexios IV Angelos, initially sought the assistance of the Fourth Crusade to regain the throne. However, the crusaders turned against the Byzantines and sacked Constantinople, leading to the establishment of the Latin Empire.

Please note that the information provided above is based on search results and may not cover all participants of the respective crusades.