Question

Назовите причины образования РЦГ (причины централизации Руси) 1.политические причины а)внутриполитические и б)внешнеполитические 2.Экономические 3.Социальные 4.Духовные Заранее спасибо))

Answer 1

1. Экономические: повышение производительности земледельческого труда, увеличение количества городов, развитие экономических связей.
2. политические. Необходимость свержения монголо татар, стремление православной церкви к централизации власти  чтоб усилить свое влияние. потребность в защите русских земель от врагов.
3. Социальные: потребность в сильной гос. власти, активизация социальной борьбы. 
4, Духовные: Общность христьанской религии, культуры, обычаев, традицый.

Answer 2

Political Reasons for the Formation of the Rurikid Centralized State (Rus)

The formation of the Rurikid Centralized State (Rus) was influenced by various political factors, both internal and external.

Internal Political Factors: a) Internal Power Struggles: The internal political landscape of early Rus was characterized by constant power struggles among different regional rulers and clans. These conflicts often led to instability and hindered the development of a unified state. The need for stability and security prompted the consolidation of power under a central authority.

b) Desire for Strong Leadership: The fragmented nature of early Rus necessitated the emergence of a strong central authority to provide effective governance and protection. The establishment of a centralized state allowed for the concentration of power in the hands of a single ruler or ruling dynasty, which could enforce laws, maintain order, and defend against external threats.

External Political Factors: a) Threat of External Invasions: Rus faced constant threats from neighboring nomadic tribes, such as the Pechenegs and the Cumans. These invasions posed a significant challenge to the fragmented regional rulers, highlighting the need for a unified defense strategy. The formation of a centralized state allowed for a more coordinated and effective response to external threats.

b) International Diplomacy and Alliances: The geopolitical landscape of the time required Rus to engage in diplomatic relations and form alliances with neighboring states. A centralized state provided a more stable and reliable partner for other political entities, enabling Rus to negotiate treaties, establish trade routes, and participate in international affairs more effectively.

Economic Reasons for the Formation of the Rurikid Centralized State (Rus)

The economic factors played a crucial role in the formation of the Rurikid Centralized State (Rus).

Trade and Commerce: The establishment of a centralized state allowed for the development of a more organized and efficient economic system. The central authority could regulate trade routes, enforce commercial laws, and provide a stable environment for merchants and traders. This facilitated the growth of trade and commerce, leading to increased prosperity and economic stability.

Resource Management: The centralized state could effectively manage and exploit the available resources within its territory. This included agricultural lands, mineral resources, and other valuable assets. The central authority could implement policies to ensure equitable distribution of resources and promote economic development.

Infrastructure Development: The formation of a centralized state enabled the construction and maintenance of essential infrastructure, such as roads,