Question

§ 1. технические открытия и выход к мировому океану развернутый план

Answer 1

      Составить план можно так:
      1. Новые открытия и усовершенствования старых изобретений.
А) Книгопечатание.
Б) Артиллерийская наука
В) Модернизация в сфере кораблестроения.
      2. Предпосылки к географическим открытиям.
А) Потребность в ведении новых хозяйственных методов.
Б) Усомнение в предыдущих географических открытиях.
В) Желание открыть путь в Индию.
      3. Открытие ближней Атлантики.
      4. Через Африку в Индию.

Answer 2

Technical Discoveries and Access to the World Ocean: Detailed Plan

Technical Discoveries: The period from the 15th to the 16th century saw significant technical discoveries and advancements. These included developments in navigation, shipbuilding, and cartography, which played a crucial role in expanding maritime exploration and trade.

Access to the World Ocean: During the mid-20th century, particularly between 1946 and 1950, there were significant developments related to access to the world ocean. These developments likely involved geopolitical and technological advancements that facilitated access to the world's oceans and waterways.

Expanded Exploration and Trade: The advancements in accessing the world ocean likely contributed to the expansion of exploration and trade, leading to increased global connectivity and exchange of goods and ideas.

Impact on Maritime History: The developments in the 20th century likely had a lasting impact on maritime history, shaping the dynamics of international trade, naval strategies, and global geopolitics from the 19th to the 20th century.

Geopolitical and Economic Implications: The access to the world ocean and the associated technical discoveries likely had significant geopolitical and economic implications, influencing the power dynamics and trade routes during the 20th century.

International Agreements and Regulations: The developments may have also led to the formulation of international agreements and regulations governing maritime activities, reflecting the need for coordinated management of ocean resources and navigation.

Influence on Global Trade: The advancements likely played a pivotal role in shaping the landscape of global trade, fostering connections between distant regions and contributing to the evolution of international commerce.

Technological Innovations: The period likely witnessed technological innovations that revolutionized maritime activities, including advancements in ship propulsion, navigation systems, and marine engineering.

Navigational Tools and Techniques: The developments may have encompassed the refinement and adoption of navigational tools and techniques, enhancing the precision and safety of maritime voyages.

Historical Context: These advancements occurred within the broader historical context of the 20th century, a period marked by significant global events, including World War II, which had profound impacts on international relations and technological progress