Question

Что такое государство варяги торговый путь из воряг в греки дань полюдье погосты уроки усобицы русская правда смердлюди закуп рядович вервь патриарх удел вотчина

Answer 1

Вотчина-земля ,которая передавалась по наследству.
Русская правда-первый свод законов.
Дань: натуральный или денежный побор с покорённых племён и народов; термин древнерусского финансового права. Выплачивающий дань называется — Данник. В отличие от оброка, дань налагалась не индивидуально
Госуда́рство — политическая форма организации общества на определённой территории, удовлетворяющая некоторым дополнительным требованиям.
ВарягиГруппа в составе населения Древней Руси, носящая этнический, профессиональный, либо социальный характер, который вызывает многочисленные дискуссии. На Руси варягами называли выходцев из Скандинавии и соседних с ними народов - славян балтийского региона. Варяги известны как наёмные воины либо торговцы в Древнерусском государстве и Византии.

Answer 2

It looks like you're interested in a variety of topics related to early medieval Eastern Europe. Let's break down each of these terms and concepts to provide a comprehensive understanding.

Государство Варяги (The Varangian State)

The Varangians were a group of people from Scandinavia who were active in Eastern Europe during the Viking Age. The Varangian State refers to the territories in Eastern Europe that were influenced or ruled by the Varangians. This term is often associated with the Kievan Rus', a federation of East Slavic and Finnic peoples, which was heavily influenced by the Varangians.

Торговый Путь из Варяг в Греки (Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks)

The trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, also known as the "Volga trade route," was an important medieval trade route that connected Northern Europe to the Byzantine Empire. It facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural influences between the Varangians (Scandinavians) and the Greeks (Byzantines).

Дань (Tribute)

In the context of medieval Eastern Europe, "дань" refers to tribute or payment made by one state or people to another as a sign of submission or in exchange for protection. It was a common practice in the relationships between different polities during this period.

Полюдье (The Common People)

"Полюдье" refers to the common people or the general population in medieval Eastern Europe. It encompasses the ordinary citizens who were not part of the nobility or ruling elite.

Погосты (Pogosts)

"Pogoсты" were early East Slavic rural communities, often associated with a church and a graveyard. These communities played a significant role in the social and religious life of the medieval East Slavic population.

Уроки Усобицы (Lessons of Discord)

"Уроки усобицы" can be translated as "lessons of discord." This phrase likely refers to the lessons or insights gained from internal conflicts, discord, or strife within a society or a political entity.

Русская Правда (Rus' Justice)

"Русская правда" refers to the legal code and system of justice in Kievan Rus'. It was a set of laws and regulations that governed various aspects of life in the medieval East Slavic society.

Смердлюди (Commoners, Peasants)

"Смердлюди" refers to commoners or peasants in medieval East Slavic society. They were typically engaged in agricultural work and formed the backbone of the rural economy.

Закуп (Procurement)

"Закуп" can be translated as procurement or acquisition. In the context of medieval Eastern Europe, it likely refers to the process of acquiring goods, resources, or provisions for various purposes, such as trade, consumption, or military needs.

Рядович (Junior Prince)

"Рядович" was a title used for junior princes or members of the ruling elite in medieval East Slavic polities. They held positions of authority within the political structure of the time.

Вервь (Verv')

"Вервь" refers to a unit of measurement used in medieval Russia. It was used to measure land and was also a unit of taxation.

Патриарх (Patriarch)

"Патриарх" refers to the highest-ranking bishop in the Eastern Orthodox Church. The title was historically associated with the leaders of the Eastern Orthodox Church in various Eastern European and Byzantine contexts.

Удел (Appanage)

"Удел" or "удел" refers to an appanage, a territorial possession or inheritance granted to a member of the ruling family in medieval East Slavic states. It was a common practice to allocate specific territories to members of the ruling elite as part of the inheritance and succession system.

Вотчина (Patrimony)

"Вотчина" refers to patrimony or an inherited estate in the context of medieval East Slavic society. It was a form of landed property that was passed down within families and played a crucial role in the social and economic structure of the time.

Feel free to ask if you'd like more detailed information on any of these topics!