Question

Дайте определения пожалуйста! срочно нужна помощь, мне до завтра нужно все это выучить. Даю много баллов, но понимаю что требую много определений, но надеюсь на вашу помощь <3 вече. полюдье. уроки. погосты. митрополит. патриарх. вотчина. поместье. бояре. холопы. фрески. мозаика. посадник. выход(ордынский). баскаки. ярлык. Боярская дума. Дворец. Казна. Земскиий собор кормление. местничество. Судебник. пожилое. приказы. опричнина. барщина. оброк. - Это все по истории России...

Answer 1

Вече-народное собрание.
Полюдье - сбор дани.
Урок-фиксированный размер дани или каких - то работ к определённому сроку.
Погост - административно-территориальная единица на Руси.
Митрополит-первый по древности епископский титул в церкви.
Патриарх-титул епископа.
 Вотчина-наследственное земельное владение.
Поместье-имение.
Бояре-высший слой феодального общества.
Холопы-категория населения близкая к рабам.
Фреска-живопись по сырой штукатурке,роспись стен.
Мозайка-декоративно прикладное искусство.
Посадник-глава города.
Выход (Ордынский)-налог,дань,выплачиваемая русскими землями.

Answer 2

Definitions of Historical Terms in Russian History

Вече: The term "вече" refers to a popular assembly in medieval East Slavic states, where important decisions were made and issues were discussed. It was a form of direct democracy in early Russian history.

Полюдье: "Полюдье" was a term used in medieval Russia to refer to the common people or the general population. It denoted the lower social classes, including peasants and commoners.

Уроки: In the context of Russian history, "уроки" refers to lessons or teachings, often related to historical or political matters.

Погосты: "Pогосты" were early Slavic rural communities and religious centers, often associated with a cemetery and a church. They played a significant role in the religious and social life of medieval Russia.

Митрополит: A "митрополит" was a high-ranking bishop in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with authority over other bishops in a specific region. In the context of Russian history, the митрополит played a crucial role in the religious and political landscape.

Патриарх: The term "патриарх" refers to the highest-ranking bishop in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with authority over multiple митрополитs and bishops. The патриарх held significant religious and political influence in Russian history.

Вотчина: "Вотчина" was a type of estate in medieval Russia, typically granted to nobles or members of the ruling class. It represented a hereditary property that could be passed down within a family.

Поместье: "Поместье" referred to a landed estate or a manor in Russia, often owned by the nobility. It was a significant aspect of the feudal system and the social structure of medieval Russia.

Бояре: "Бояре" were members of the Russian nobility, often serving in administrative or military roles. They held considerable influence in the political and social spheres of medieval Russia.

Холопы: "Холопы" were unfree peasants or serfs in medieval Russia, bound to the land and often serving the nobility. They had limited rights and were considered part of the lower social class.

Фрески: In the context of Russian history, "фрески" refers to frescoes, which are mural paintings executed on freshly laid lime plaster. Frescoes were commonly used to decorate the interiors of churches and other religious buildings in medieval Russia [[11]].

Мозаика: "Мозаика" denotes mosaic art, which involves the creation of images using small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials. Mosaics were widely used in the decoration of religious buildings and palaces in medieval Russia [[12]].

Посадник: A "посадник" was a medieval Russian official, often responsible for governing a town or a specific territory. The role of the посадник varied, but it generally involved administrative and judicial duties [[13]].

Выход (Ордынский): "Выход (Ордынский)" referred to a tribute payment or tax imposed by the Mongol-Tatar rulers on the Russian principalities during the Mongol domination of Russia. It was a significant aspect of the political and economic relationship between Russia and the Mongol Empire [[14]].

Баскаки: "Баскаки" were Tatar officials responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order in the territories under Tatar control. They played a crucial role in the administration of the Mongol Empire and its relationship with the Russian principalities [[15]].

Ярлык: In the context of Russian history, "ярлык" referred to a decree or an official order issued by the tsar or other authorities. Ярлыки were used to convey commands, regulations, or proclamations [[16]].

Боярская Дума: The "Боярская Дума" was the Boyar Duma, a council of Russian nobles and high-ranking officials that advised the tsar and participated in the legislative and administrative processes of the Russian state [[17]].

Дворец: The term "дворец" denotes a palace or a residence of a ruler, noble, or high-ranking official. In the context of Russian history, it referred to the grand residences of the tsars and other prominent figures [[18]].

Казна: "